
Photo: Andrus Uuetalu derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0 ee · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Topic 16 of 18 · Country Index 2026
Estonia: Energy
Where does a country’s electricity come from, and who can get it?
Estonia is placed 37th of 193 countries on energy in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 3 key statistics. Readings behind it: Carbon Intensity of Electricity 344.17 (2024); Renewable Share of Electricity Generation 55.66 (2024).
Energy
37th
of 193 countries placed
Placed from 3 of 3 key statistics
01The evidence
The 3 key statistics that decide it
Only these place Estonia on energy — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.
Key 1 of 3
Carbon Intensity of Electricity
Ember
Why it is a key: How much greenhouse gas a country's power stations emit for every unit of electricity they produce.
2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0
344.17
Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)
Lower is better
Estonia: 344.17. Across the 193 countries in this edition, values run from 23.49 (Ethiopia) to 1,306 (Turkmenistan); the world median is 468.81.
- World median
- 468.81
- Best in Northern Europe
- 27.82 Iceland
- Land neighbours
- Latvia 134.52 · Russia 446.13
Each grey tick is one of 193 countries in the 2024 edition.
Key 2 of 3
Renewable Share of Electricity Generation
Ember
Why it is a key: How much of the electricity a country generates already comes from renewable sources.
2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0
55.66
Renewables (% of electricity generated)
Higher is better
Estonia: 55.66. Across the 193 countries in this edition, values run from 0 (Gambia) to 100 (Paraguay); the world median is 31.14.
- World median
- 31.14
- Best in Northern Europe
- 100 Iceland
- Land neighbours
- Latvia 73.5 · Russia 18.1
Each grey tick is one of 193 countries in the 2024 edition.
Key 3 of 3
World Energy Trilemma Index
World Energy Council
Why it is a key: How a country's energy system balances security of supply, affordability and environmental impact — three pressures that trade off against one another.
2023 edition · data for 2023 · Express reuse grant (no Creative Commons licence named)
80.2
Trilemma score (0–100)
Higher is better
Ranked 7th of 99 by World Energy Council
Estonia: 80.2. Across the 126 countries in this edition, values run from 27.7 (Niger) to 83.2 (Denmark); the world median is 63.8.
- World median
- 63.8
- Best in Northern Europe
- 83.2 Denmark
- Land neighbours
- Latvia 76.3 · Russia 66.1
Each grey tick is one of 126 countries in the 2023 edition.
02Over time
Which way Estonia is moving
Each key’s published value, edition by edition, beside the world median. The Country Index 2026 is the first edition of the standing, so the standing itself has no history to chart yet.
Carbon Intensity of Electricity
Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated) · lower is better
EstoniaWorld median
Estonia fell from 634.31 in 2000 to 344.17 in 2024; the world median went from 535.09 to 468.81.
Every year’s figures
Year Estonia World median 2024 344.2 468.81 2023 395.3 483.79 2022 487.5 478.89 2021 450.3 477.79 2020 404.4 493.42 2019 511.4 500.00 2018 574.2 516.24 2017 582.7 532.77 2016 587.8 526.94 2015 573.3 533.89 2014 596.7 525.61 2013 606.5 527.42 2012 592.1 532.82 2011 604.9 533.91 2010 609.8 523.24 2009 621.4 536.89 2008 633.6 529.83 2007 642.0 547.13 2006 632.0 543.43 2005 634.4 540.07 2004 639.2 541.41 2003 639.3 562.29 2002 635.8 551.28 2001 633.5 547.67 2000 634.3 535.09 Renewable Share of Electricity Generation
Renewables (% of electricity generated) · higher is better
EstoniaWorld median
Estonia rose from 0.118 in 2000 to 55.66 in 2024; the world median went from 14.98 to 31.14.
Every year’s figures
Year Estonia World median 2024 55.66 31.136 2023 48.78 26.890 2022 31.99 27.359 2021 39.92 24.983 2020 48.85 25.000 2019 28.12 23.341 2018 16.09 22.936 2017 14.13 19.936 2016 13.07 20.000 2015 15.37 18.557 2014 11.17 19.081 2013 9.26 18.562 2012 12.29 16.909 2011 9.15 16.188 2010 8.10 16.875 2009 6.15 15.276 2008 1.89 14.901 2007 1.15 14.229 2006 1.34 14.041 2005 1.08 14.768 2004 0.58 13.794 2003 0.49 13.498 2002 0.35 12.500 2001 0.24 13.889 2000 0.12 14.977
03In context
Estonia beside its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 193 countries on energy, never a place within the region.
Estonia and the countries it borders
The standing is each country’s place among all 193 placed on the topic; the other columns are the publishers’ own values, read at the edition the standing used.
| Country | Standing | Carbon Intensity of ElectricityCarbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated) | Renewable Share of Electricity GenerationRenewables (% of electricity generated) | World Energy Trilemma IndexTrilemma score (0–100) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25th | 134.52 | 73.5 | 76.3 | |
| 37th | 344.17 | 55.66 | 80.2 | |
| 94th | 446.13 | 18.1 | 66.1 |
“—” means the publisher gives no reading for that country in that edition. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed.
Across Northern Europe
Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 193.
Placed either side on energy
The countries immediately above and below Estonia in the topic’s list.
04Context, no vote
Where Estonia is ahead of the world, and behind
8 more statistics filed under energy, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.
Ahead of the world median3
Statistics on which Estonia does better than the middle country measured.
Wind and Solar Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 5.76933.735.769▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 33.73 · world median 5.769 · Wind and solar (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 69.12; higher is better.
Energy Intensity of GDP (PPP)EIA · 2024 · world median 2.7382.0592.738No real change since 2014
Estonia: 2.059 · world median 2.738 · Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.666 to 17.45; lower is better.
Low-Carbon Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 35.6655.6635.66▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 55.66 · world median 35.66 · Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.
Position 70th of 190 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Behind the world median1
Statistics on which Estonia does worse than the middle country measured.
CO₂ Emissions per CapitaGlobal Carbon Project · 2024 · world median 3.216.1053.21▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 6.105 · world median 3.21 · Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person). Global Carbon Project, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.054 to 41.27; lower is better.
Position 51st of 210 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Level with the median, or no median to compare1
Access to ElectricityWorld Bank Group · 2024 · world median 100100100▼ Worsened since 2014
Estonia: 100 · world median 100 · Population with electricity access (%). World Bank Group, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 5.4 to 100; higher is better.
No better end3
These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.
Net Electricity Imports (share of generation)Ember · 2024 · world median 046.740Moved since 2014
Estonia: 46.74 · world median 0 · Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from -70.16 to 707.07.
Primary Energy Consumption per CapitaEIA · 2024 · world median 49.571.9849.5Moved since 2014
Estonia: 71.98 · world median 49.5 · Energy use per person (million Btu). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.95 to 766.07.
Nuclear Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 000No real change since 2014
Estonia: 0 · world median 0 · Nuclear (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 67.4.
No current reading for Estonia
RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Score and RISE Renewable Energy Policy Score. Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.
05Country Index 2026
Energy among Estonia’s 16 topics
Energy is Estonia’s 11th best-placed topic of 16. Strongest first; each marker sits at the position divided by that topic’s field, so fields of different sizes compare fairly.
- Democracy & Civil Libertiesjoint 5th of 1983/3 keys
- Digital & Technology7th of 1983/3 keys
- Governance & Institutions9th of 1944/4 keys
- Health & Wellbeing11th of 2004/4 keys
- Risk & Resilience14th of 1923/3 keys
- Gender & Equality19th of 1834/4 keys
- Development & Human Capital22nd of 1963/3 keys
- Food & Agriculture30th of 1754/4 keys
- Peace & Security32nd of 1774/4 keys
- Economy & Innovation33rd of 1764/4 keys
- Energy37th of 1933/3 keys
- Work & Labourjoint 37th of 1824/4 keys
- Poverty & Inequality37th of 1592/2 keys
- Mobility & Trade48th of 1473/3 keys
- Education & Knowledge61st of 1712/4 keys
- Environment & Sustainability155th of 1813/3 keys
06The top of the list
Who leads on energy
The three countries placed highest of 193, and the leaders Estonia can most readily be measured against.
1Bhutan
Southern Asia
1st of 193 · 2 of 3 keys
Photo: VIkramjit Kakati derivative work: ויקיג'אנקי · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
2Norway
Northern Europe
2nd of 193 · 3 of 3 keys
Photo: Ximonic , Simo Räsänen · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
3Uganda
Eastern Africa
3rd of 193 · 2 of 3 keys
Photo: Rod Waddington from Kergunyah, Australia · CC BY-SA 2.0, greyscale
Placed highest nearby
Highest in Europe
Norway2nd3/3 keys
This page
Estonia37th3/3 keys
Positions out of 193 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.
07Questions
Estonia on energy: questions answered
Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.
How does Estonia rank on energy?
Estonia is placed 37th of 193 countries on Energy in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 3 key statistics (Carbon Intensity of Electricity, Renewable Share of Electricity Generation and World Energy Trilemma Index). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.
What is the latest Carbon Intensity of Electricity figure for Estonia?
344.17 in 2024 (carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)), according to Ember. The world median in the same edition was 468.81.
What is the latest Renewable Share of Electricity Generation figure for Estonia?
55.66 in 2024 (renewables (% of electricity generated)), according to Ember. The world median in the same edition was 31.14.
How does Estonia compare with Russia on energy?
Russia is placed 94th of 193, and Estonia 37th. Carbon Intensity of Electricity: Russia 446.13, Estonia 344.17; Renewable Share of Electricity Generation: Russia 18.1, Estonia 55.66; World Energy Trilemma Index: Russia 66.1, Estonia 80.2.
How have Estonia’s energy figures changed?
Carbon Intensity of Electricity fell from 634.31 in 2000 to 344.17 in 2024; Renewable Share of Electricity Generation rose from 0.118 in 2000 to 55.66 in 2024.
Which energy statistics are missing for Estonia?
No current reading is published for Estonia on RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Score and RISE Renewable Energy Policy Score. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.
08Keep reading
Explore further
Estonia, topic by topic
- Governance & Institutions9th of 194
- Economy & Innovation33rd of 176
- Work & Labour=37th of 182
- Education & Knowledge61st of 171
- Health & Wellbeing11th of 200
- Development & Human Capital22nd of 196
- Environment & Sustainability155th of 181
- Gender & Equality19th of 183
- Democracy & Civil Liberties=5th of 198
- Peace & Security32nd of 177
- Risk & Resilience14th of 192
- Mobility & Trade48th of 147
- Food & Agriculture30th of 175
- Poverty & Inequality37th of 159
- Digital & Technology7th of 198
- The full Estonia profile
09Method
Method, sources and how to cite
What this topic does not measure
This is deliberately the electricity and energy-system subject, not an infrastructure one: roads, railways, ports, water and telecommunications would each need a global series this site does not hold. Emissions are under Environment & Sustainability. Access to electricity is published here in full but takes no part in any ranking — more than half the world’s countries now report 100%, and a position derived from that would read “1, 1, 1 … 123”, which is noise rather than information.
How the Energy standing is decided, step by step
A standing is a place in a list, not a mark out of anything. This one is part of the Country Index 2026, and it is worked out like this.
- A few key indicators decide it; the rest are context. 3 indicators on this topic are keys and 10 are charted alongside them without a vote. That split is the point: if every statistic voted, importing five more of one kind would quietly change what the topic is about.
- Each key is read at one edition. ⚠ The keys behind this standing do not all describe the same year — they run from 2023 to 2024, because publishers release on their own schedules. Read the standing as “how this country places now”, not as a snapshot of one year.
- Every country’s published value is turned into a place within that one key’s own field, and then expressed as a share of that field — how far down this key’s list the country sits, rather than how many countries are above it. Keys where a higher published number is worse (terrorism, hunger, disaster risk) are turned round first, so the good end is always the same end.
- Dividing by the field first is the whole reason this works. A place carries the size of its list inside it: 22nd of 44 and 108th of 215 are the same showing, and averaging the numbers 22 and 108 says loudly that they are not. Fields on this site run from about 44 countries to about 215, so averaging raw places would reward a country for happening to be measured in small ones. Dividing each place by its own field removes the size and leaves only the showing.
- The shares are averaged, plainly. One key, one vote — no key is weighted above another, because any weighting would be this site’s opinion presented as a measurement. Countries are then put in order by that average, and the average itself is never published. It is our arithmetic with nothing anchoring it, so printing it would invite it to be read as a measurement somebody made. The position it produces, the band, and the keys it was built from are all published instead — every one of them checkable against the tables on this page.
- A country needs 2 of this topic’s 3 keys — half, rounded up, and never fewer than 2. A standing built from one reading, printed beside one built from four, is two different things sharing a column heading. 193 countries clear the bar here.
- A key has to earn its vote every edition. It must measure at least 120 countries (below that it starts measuring who was surveyed rather than the world), it must not have more than 10% of its field tied at either end, and it must not repeat another key in the same topic — Spearman correlation above 0.92 counts as repeating. A topic needs at least 2 surviving keys to place anyone at all; this one has 3.
- A standing is relative, and the grouping is ours. It says where a country places against the others measured alongside it, so it moves when they move. The publishers listed on this page did not agree to be read together, and each measures its subject its own way: the underlying numbers are theirs, the ordering on top is this site’s — the same method as the rest of the Country Index, applied to one subject instead of all of them.
The key statistics and their licences
- Carbon Intensity of Electricity — Ember, CC BY 4.0
- Renewable Share of Electricity Generation — Ember, CC BY 4.0
- World Energy Trilemma Index — World Energy Council, Express reuse grant (no Creative Commons licence named)
The other 8 statistics on this page come from 4 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Photographs
Estonia’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
- Estonia (banner) — Andrus Uuetalu derivative work: Jjtkk, CC BY-SA 3.0 ee
- Bhutan — VIkramjit Kakati derivative work: ויקיג'אנקי, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Norway — Ximonic , Simo Räsänen, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Uganda — Rod Waddington from Kergunyah, Australia, CC BY-SA 2.0
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Estonia: Energy — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/estonia/energy