Photo: Ludovic Hirlimann [ dead link ] · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Topic 06 of 18 · Country Index 2026
Mongolia: Development & Human Capital
Is a country turning its resources into better lives?
Mongolia is placed 75th of 196 countries on development & human capital in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 3 key statistics. Readings behind it: Social Protection Coverage 93.5 (2025); Maternal Mortality Ratio 40.51 (2023).
Development & Human Capital
75th
of 196 countries placed
Placed from 3 of 3 key statistics
01The evidence
The 3 key statistics that decide it
Only these place Mongolia on development & human capital — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used — or, for a survey-based key, each country’s latest reading; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.
Key 2 of 3
Maternal Mortality Ratio
UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG)
Why it is a key: Whether a woman survives giving birth — the reach of a health system at the moment it is hardest to fake.
2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY 3.0 IGO
40.51
Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
Lower is better
Mongolia: 40.51. Across the 195 countries in this edition, values run from 0.11 (Cook Islands) to 992.83 (Nigeria); the world median is 46.65.
- World median
- 46.65
- Best in Eastern Asia
- 3.08 Japan
- Land neighbours
- China 16.25 · Russia 9.4
Each grey tick is one of 195 countries in the 2023 edition.
Key 3 of 3
Human Development Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
Why it is a key: The standard composite of health, schooling and income, carrying UNDP's own published rank.
2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY 3.0 IGO
0.747
HDI score (0–1)
Higher is better
Ranked 104th of 193 by UNDP Human Development Report Office
Mongolia: 0.747. Across the 193 countries in this edition, values run from 0.388 (South Sudan) to 0.972 (Iceland); the world median is 0.762.
- World median
- 0.762
- Best in Eastern Asia
- 0.955 Hong Kong
- Land neighbours
- China 0.797 · Russia 0.832
Each grey tick is one of 193 countries in the 2023 edition.
02Over time
Which way Mongolia is moving
Each key’s published value, edition by edition, beside the world median. The Country Index 2026 is the first edition of the standing, so the standing itself has no history to chart yet.
Maternal Mortality Ratio
Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births · lower is better
MongoliaWorld median
Mongolia fell from 143.9 in 2000 to 40.51 in 2023; the world median went from 70.99 to 46.65.
Every year’s figures
Year Mongolia World median 2023 40.5 46.7 2022 41.2 53.0 2021 63.3 76.6 2020 46.8 56.0 2019 44.8 48.4 2018 44.6 49.3 2017 45.4 47.2 2016 48.1 50.6 2015 51.9 51.9 2014 56.2 52.8 2013 58.9 53.3 2012 62.6 54.6 2011 67.3 55.0 2010 71.4 56.1 2009 74.6 56.3 2008 77.1 55.8 2007 81.3 56.8 2006 90.0 58.1 2005 99.2 60.1 2004 107.8 63.0 2003 113.9 66.8 2002 119.8 66.0 2001 129.8 68.1 2000 143.9 71.0 Human Development Index
HDI score (0–1) · higher is better
MongoliaWorld median
Mongolia rose from 0.611 in 2000 to 0.747 in 2023; the world median went from 0.672 to 0.762.
Every year’s figures
Year Mongolia World median 2023 0.747 0.7620 2022 0.742 0.7610 2021 0.727 0.7450 2020 0.741 0.7425 2019 0.758 0.7515 2018 0.767 0.7520 2017 0.759 0.7480 2016 0.759 0.7500 2015 0.753 0.7430 2014 0.748 0.7410 2013 0.744 0.7390 2012 0.735 0.7350 2011 0.725 0.7250 2010 0.714 0.7250 2009 0.711 0.7220 2008 0.707 0.7180 2007 0.696 0.7100 2006 0.683 0.7045 2005 0.671 0.6960 2004 0.658 0.6960 2003 0.643 0.6910 2002 0.631 0.6845 2001 0.622 0.6770 2000 0.611 0.6720
03In context
Mongolia beside its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 196 countries on development & human capital, never a place within the region.
Mongolia and the countries it borders
The standing is each country’s place among all 196 placed on the topic; the other columns are the publishers’ own values, read at the edition the standing used.
| Country | Standing | Social Protection CoveragePopulation covered by at least one social protection benefit (%) | Maternal Mortality RatioMaternal deaths per 100,000 live births | Human Development IndexHDI score (0–1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Russia | 42nd | 95.4 | 9.4 | 0.832 |
 China | 62nd | 75.6 | 16.25 | 0.797 |
| Mongolia | 75th | 93.5 | 40.51 | 0.747 |
“—” means the publisher gives no reading for that country in that edition. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed.
Across Eastern Asia
Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 196.
Placed either side on development & human capital
The countries immediately above and below Mongolia in the topic’s list.
04Context, no vote
Where Mongolia is ahead of the world, and behind
25 more statistics filed under development & human capital, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.
Ahead of the world median18
Statistics on which Mongolia does better than the middle country measured.
Violent Discipline of ChildrenUNICEF · 2025 · world median 75.844.275.8No earlier reading
Mongolia: 44.2 · world median 75.8 · Children aged 1-14 experiencing violent discipline (%). UNICEF, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 37.6 to 94; lower is better.
Position 87th of 90 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Account Ownership at a Financial InstitutionWorld Bank Group · 2024 · world median 72.8398.2872.83▲ Improved since 2014
Mongolia: 98.28 · world median 72.83 · Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+). World Bank Group, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 14.83 to 99.85; higher is better.
Position 19th of 139 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Statistical Performance IndicatorsWorld Bank Group · 2024 · world median 69.383.7369.3▲ Improved since 2016
Mongolia: 83.73 · world median 69.3 · SPI overall score (0–100). World Bank Group, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 27.12 to 94.14; higher is better.
Position 47th of 188 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Child MarriageUNICEF · 2025 · world median 17.18.117.1No earlier reading
Mongolia: 8.1 · world median 17.1 · Women 20–24 married before 18 (%). UNICEF, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 76.3; lower is better.
Position 105th of 143 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Under Six MonthsUNICEF · 2024 · world median 40.7451.140.74No earlier reading
Mongolia: 51.1 · world median 40.74 · Infants under 6 months exclusively breastfed (%). UNICEF, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 3.497 to 83.3; higher is better.
Position 44th of 136 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Human Capital IndexWorld Bank Group · 2020 · world median 0.5640.6140.564No real change since 2017
Mongolia: 0.614 · world median 0.564 · HCI score (0–1). World Bank Group, 2020 edition, data for 2020.
Published values in that edition run from 0.292 to 0.879; higher is better.
Position 59th of 172 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Stunting Prevalence in Children Under FiveUNICEF, WHO and World Bank Group (Joint Malnutrition Estimates) · 2024 · world median 13.88.813.8No earlier reading
Mongolia: 8.8 · world median 13.8 · Children under 5 who are stunted (%). UNICEF, WHO and World Bank Group (Joint Malnutrition Estimates), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.518 to 52.8; lower is better.
Position 105th of 162 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Coefficient of Human InequalityUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 17.0513.2917.05No real change since 2013
Mongolia: 13.29 · world median 17.05 · Coefficient of Human Inequality (%). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 4.865 to 43.08; lower is better.
Position 108th of 169 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Completeness of Birth RegistrationUNICEF · 2025 · world median 98.499.698.4No earlier reading
Mongolia: 99.6 · world median 98.4 · Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%). UNICEF, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 2.7 to 100; higher is better.
GNI per Capita (PPP)World Bank Group · 2025 · world median 14,27317,96914,273▲ Improved since 2015
Mongolia: 17,969 · world median 14,273 · GNI per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 1,181 to 116,633; higher is better.
Position 40th of 102 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Gender Inequality IndexUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 0.3510.2840.351No real change since 2013
Mongolia: 0.284 · world median 0.351 · GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.003 to 0.838; lower is better.
Ranked 72nd of 172 by UNDP Human Development Report Office.
Inequality-adjusted Human Development IndexUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 0.6090.6470.609No real change since 2013
Mongolia: 0.647 · world median 0.609 · IHDI (0–1). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.226 to 0.923; higher is better.
Position 72nd of 169 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Global Multidimensional Poverty IndexOPHI · 2025 · world median 0.0390.0280.039▼ Worsened since 2018
Mongolia: 0.028 · world median 0.039 · MPI (0–1). Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 0.517; lower is better.
Position 61st of 109 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Infant Mortality RateUN IGME · 2024 · world median 12.2611.2312.26▲ Improved since 2014
Mongolia: 11.23 · world median 12.26 · Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births). UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 1.214 to 71.87; lower is better.
Position 108th of 200 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Under-Five Mortality RateUN IGME · 2024 · world median 14.5413.4214.54▲ Improved since 2014
Mongolia: 13.42 · world median 14.54 · Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births). UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 1.26 to 115.65; lower is better.
Position 104th of 200 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = worst. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Gender Development IndexUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 0.9711.030.971No real change since 2013
Mongolia: 1.03 · world median 0.971 · Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.407 to 1.038; higher is better.
Position 89th of 184 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Expected Years of SchoolingUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 13.3413.6413.34▼ Worsened since 2013
Mongolia: 13.64 · world median 13.34 · Expected years of schooling. UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 5.635 to 21.69; higher is better.
Position 95th of 195 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
GDP per Capita (PPP)World Bank Group · 2025 · world median 17,26517,77317,265▲ Improved since 2015
Mongolia: 17,773 · world median 17,265 · GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 1,067 to 139,593; higher is better.
Position 91st of 185 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Behind the world median5
Statistics on which Mongolia does worse than the middle country measured.
Mean Years of SchoolingUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 9.9339.429.933▼ Worsened since 2013
Mongolia: 9.42 · world median 9.933 · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 1.412 to 14.3; higher is better.
Position 105th of 193 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Access to ElectricityWorld Bank Group · 2024 · world median 10099.1100▲ Improved since 2014
Mongolia: 99.1 · world median 100 · Population with electricity access (%). World Bank Group, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 5.4 to 100; higher is better.
Life Expectancy at BirthUN DESA Population Division · 2023 · world median 74.6371.7374.63▲ Improved since 2013
Mongolia: 71.73 · world median 74.63 · Years a newborn would live at current death rates. UN DESA Population Division, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 54.46 to 86.37; higher is better.
Position 141st of 222 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDIUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 0.6780.5770.678▼ Worsened since 2013
Mongolia: 0.577 · world median 0.678 · PHDI (0–1). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.276 to 0.827; higher is better.
Position 115th of 156 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Cereal YieldFAO · 2023 · world median 3,0721,2963,072No real change since 2013
Mongolia: 1,296 · world median 3,072 · Cereal yield (kg per hectare). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 23 to 29,147; higher is better.
Position 149th of 179 — derived here by ordering the published values, 1st = best. The publisher ranks no country on this.
No better end2
These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.
Net Official Development Assistance ReceivedOECD Development Assistance Committee · 2023 · world median 2.5791.4382.579Moved since 2013
Mongolia: 1.438 · world median 2.579 · Net ODA received (% of GNI). OECD Development Assistance Committee, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from -0.001 to 101.78.
Position 81st of 130 — derived here by ordering the published values, counted from the highest value. The publisher ranks no country on this.
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)World Bank Group · 2025 · world median 11.265.87511.26Moved since 2015
Mongolia: 5.875 · world median 11.26 · Manufacturing value added (% of GDP). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.481 to 43.97.
Position 109th of 132 — derived here by ordering the published values, counted from the highest value. The publisher ranks no country on this.
No current reading for Mongolia
Children with Functional Difficulties, Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (last 2019), Poverty Gap at $3.00 a Day (last 2022), Poverty Headcount Ratio at $3.00 a Day (last 2022), Poverty Headcount Ratio at $8.30 a Day (last 2022) and Prosperity Gap (last 2022). Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.
05Country Index 2026
Development & Human Capital among Mongolia’s 15 topics
Development & Human Capital is Mongolia’s 5th best-placed topic of 15. Strongest first; each marker sits at the position divided by that topic’s field, so fields of different sizes compare fairly.
- Gender & Equality28th of 1834/4 keys
- Risk & Resiliencejoint 34th of 1923/3 keys
- Poverty & Inequality31st of 1592/2 keys
- Health & Wellbeing74th of 2004/4 keys
- Development & Human Capital75th of 1963/3 keys
- Economy & Innovation70th of 1764/4 keys
- Education & Knowledgejoint 74th of 1714/4 keys
- Peace & Security78th of 1774/4 keys
- Governance & Institutions88th of 1944/4 keys
- Digital & Technology90th of 1983/3 keys
- Democracy & Civil Libertiesjoint 93rd of 1983/3 keys
- Food & Agriculture138th of 1754/4 keys
- Work & Labour148th of 1824/4 keys
- Environment & Sustainability159th of 1813/3 keys
- Energy171st of 1933/3 keys
No standing on Mobility & Trade: too few of those topics’ key statistics are published for this country.
06The top of the list
Who leads on development & human capital
The three countries placed highest of 196, and the leaders Mongolia can most readily be measured against.
1
Cook IslandsPolynesia
1st of 196 · 2 of 3 keys
Photo: Benedict Adam · CC BY 2.0, greyscale
2
NorwayNorthern Europe
2nd of 196 · 3 of 3 keys
Photo: Ximonic , Simo Räsänen · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
3
DenmarkNorthern Europe
3rd of 196 · 3 of 3 keys
Photo: User:Aconcagua · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
Placed highest nearby
Highest in Asia
Israel10th3/3 keysHighest in Eastern Asia
Japan18th3/3 keysThis page
Mongolia75th3/3 keys
Positions out of 196 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.
07Analysis
Charts and analysis about Mongolia and development & human capital
On development & human capital
Global Hunger Index 2025: Countries with the Most Alarming Hunger Crisis
Thirteen countries scored across four editions — 2000, 2008, 2016 and 2025 — and five the report could not score at all. DR Congo and South Sudan share 121st place on 37.5.
On development & human capital
India vs Pakistan 2025: Comparison of Hunger Index, Happiness, HDI, Rule of Law, Literacy & GDP
India and Pakistan on six published measures: hunger, happiness, human development, rule of law, literacy and GDP per capita. India is the better placed on five of them; Pakistan on one.
08Questions
Mongolia on development & human capital: questions answered
Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.
How does Mongolia rank on development & human capital?
Mongolia is placed 75th of 196 countries on Development & Human Capital in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 3 key statistics (Social Protection Coverage, Maternal Mortality Ratio and Human Development Index). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.
What is the latest Social Protection Coverage figure for Mongolia?
93.5 in 2025 (population covered by at least one social protection benefit (%)), according to International Labour Organization (ILO). The world median in the same edition was 52.1.
What is the latest Maternal Mortality Ratio figure for Mongolia?
40.51 in 2023 (maternal deaths per 100,000 live births), according to UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG). The world median in the same edition was 46.65.
How does Mongolia compare with China on development & human capital?
China is placed 62nd of 196, and Mongolia 75th. Social Protection Coverage: China 75.6, Mongolia 93.5; Maternal Mortality Ratio: China 16.25, Mongolia 40.51; Human Development Index: China 0.797, Mongolia 0.747.
How have Mongolia’s development & human capital figures changed?
Maternal Mortality Ratio fell from 143.9 in 2000 to 40.51 in 2023; Human Development Index rose from 0.611 in 2000 to 0.747 in 2023.
Which development & human capital statistics are missing for Mongolia?
No current reading is published for Mongolia on Children with Functional Difficulties, Country Policy and Institutional Assessment, Poverty Gap at $3.00 a Day, Poverty Headcount Ratio at $3.00 a Day, Poverty Headcount Ratio at $8.30 a Day and Prosperity Gap. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.
09Keep reading
Explore further
Mongolia, topic by topic
- Governance & Institutions88th of 194
- Economy & Innovation70th of 176
- Work & Labour148th of 182
- Education & Knowledge=74th of 171
- Health & Wellbeing74th of 200
- Environment & Sustainability159th of 181
- Gender & Equality28th of 183
- Democracy & Civil Liberties=93rd of 198
- Peace & Security78th of 177
- Risk & Resilience=34th of 192
- Food & Agriculture138th of 175
- Poverty & Inequality31st of 159
- Energy171st of 193
- Digital & Technology90th of 198
- The full Mongolia profile
Nearby, on development & human capital
The key statistics, for every country
10Method
Method, sources and how to cite
What this topic does not measure
Poverty lines, inequality and aid received are published here as context rather than as keys, often because they cover fewer countries or are measured too rarely. Development is also not the same as economic size or growth, which belong to Economy & Innovation.
How the Development & Human Capital standing is decided, step by step
A standing is a place in a list, not a mark out of anything. This one is part of the Country Index 2026, and it is worked out like this.
- A few key indicators decide it; the rest are context. 3 indicators on this topic are keys and 31 are charted alongside them without a vote. That split is the point: if every statistic voted, importing five more of one kind would quietly change what the topic is about.
- Each key is read at one edition. ⚠ The keys behind this standing do not all describe the same year — they run from 2023 to 2025, because publishers release on their own schedules. Read the standing as “how this country places now”, not as a snapshot of one year.
- Every country’s published value is turned into a place within that one key’s own field, and then expressed as a share of that field — how far down this key’s list the country sits, rather than how many countries are above it. Keys where a higher published number is worse (terrorism, hunger, disaster risk) are turned round first, so the good end is always the same end.
- Dividing by the field first is the whole reason this works. A place carries the size of its list inside it: 22nd of 44 and 108th of 215 are the same showing, and averaging the numbers 22 and 108 says loudly that they are not. Fields on this site run from about 44 countries to about 215, so averaging raw places would reward a country for happening to be measured in small ones. Dividing each place by its own field removes the size and leaves only the showing.
- The shares are averaged, plainly. One key, one vote — no key is weighted above another, because any weighting would be this site’s opinion presented as a measurement. Countries are then put in order by that average, and the average itself is never published. It is our arithmetic with nothing anchoring it, so printing it would invite it to be read as a measurement somebody made. The position it produces, the band, and the keys it was built from are all published instead — every one of them checkable against the tables on this page.
- A country needs 2 of this topic’s 3 keys — half, rounded up, and never fewer than 2. A standing built from one reading, printed beside one built from four, is two different things sharing a column heading. 196 countries clear the bar here.
- A key has to earn its vote every edition. It must measure at least 120 countries (below that it starts measuring who was surveyed rather than the world), it must not have more than 10% of its field tied at either end, and it must not repeat another key in the same topic — Spearman correlation above 0.92 counts as repeating. A topic needs at least 2 surviving keys to place anyone at all; this one has 3.
- A standing is relative, and the grouping is ours. It says where a country places against the others measured alongside it, so it moves when they move. The publishers listed on this page did not agree to be read together, and each measures its subject its own way: the underlying numbers are theirs, the ordering on top is this site’s — the same method as the rest of the Country Index, applied to one subject instead of all of them.
The key statistics and their licences
- Social Protection Coverage — International Labour Organization (ILO), CC BY 4.0
- Maternal Mortality Ratio — UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG), CC BY 3.0 IGO
- Human Development Index — UNDP Human Development Report Office, CC BY 3.0 IGO
The other 25 statistics on this page come from 9 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Photographs
Mongolia’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
- Mongolia (banner) — Ludovic Hirlimann [ dead link ], CC BY-SA 2.0
- Cook Islands — Benedict Adam, CC BY 2.0
- Norway — Ximonic , Simo Räsänen, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Denmark — User:Aconcagua, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Mongolia: Development & Human Capital — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/mongolia/development