Data for 2023

Vulnerable Employment, 2023

2023, as ILO’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Vulnerable Employment, 2023 covers 184 countries. Chad is highest, at 90.107; Qatar is lowest, at 0.443. The middle country reads 29.329. Against 2022, 184 values changed (43 up, 141 down), 2 left.

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Vulnerable Employment · Data for 2023

HighestChad

90.107

LowestQatar

0.443

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the lowest end. A higher value is the worse result.

184countries
1measure
2023the year it describes
184distinct values15 decimals, as published
Sep 10, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Vulnerable Employment, 2023, as published. ILO ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 184 countries · select a heading to sort

Vulnerable Employment, 2023: every country, as published by International Labour Organization (ILO).
derived
1	ChadTCDMiddle Africa	90.107
2	Sierra LeoneSLEWestern Africa	86.498
3	MadagascarMDGEastern Africa	84.791
4	EthiopiaETHEastern Africa	84.781
5	NigerNERWestern Africa	84.203
6	TanzaniaTZAEastern Africa	84.044
7	MozambiqueMOZEastern Africa	83.972
8	BurundiBDIEastern Africa	83.785
9	DR CongoCODMiddle Africa	82.069
10	AfghanistanAFGSouthern Asia	81.464
11	Burkina FasoBFAWestern Africa	80.795
12	South SudanSSDEastern Africa	80.263
13	GuineaGINWestern Africa	79.750
14	Central African RepublicCAFMiddle Africa	79.587
15	BeninBENWestern Africa	79.230
16	NepalNPLSouthern Asia	77.534
17	LiberiaLBRWestern Africa	77.395
18	LaosLAOSouth-eastern Asia	76.907
19	MaliMLIWestern Africa	76.450
20	Republic of the CongoCOGMiddle Africa	76.106
21	HaitiHTICaribbean	75.872
22	TogoTGOWestern Africa	75.711
23	Guinea-BissauGNBWestern Africa	75.377
24	UgandaUGAEastern Africa	74.827
25	IndiaINDSouthern Asia	72.763
26	Papua New GuineaPNGMelanesia	71.479
27	ZambiaZMBEastern Africa	70.735
28	Côte d’IvoireCIVWestern Africa	70.107
29	BhutanBTNSouthern Asia	69.713
30	Solomon IslandsSLBMelanesia	68.949
31	ZimbabweZWEEastern Africa	68.433
32	CameroonCMRMiddle Africa	68.040
33	NigeriaNGAWestern Africa	66.963
34	AngolaAGOMiddle Africa	66.310
35	KenyaKENEastern Africa	64.269
36	GambiaGMBWestern Africa	64.142
37	SenegalSENWestern Africa	63.551
38	BoliviaBOLSouth America	63.056
39	MyanmarMMRSouth-eastern Asia	62.815
40	GhanaGHAWestern Africa	60.651
41	MalawiMWIEastern Africa	60.006
42	Timor-LesteTLSSouth-eastern Asia	58.801
43	MoldovaMDAEastern Europe	58.495
44	BangladeshBGDSouthern Asia	58.178
45	VanuatuVUTMelanesia	57.976
46	ComorosCOMEastern Africa	57.039
47	North KoreaPRKEastern Asia	56.893
48	PakistanPAKSouthern Asia	55.869
49	AzerbaijanAZEWestern Asia	54.200
50	MauritaniaMRTWestern Africa	53.840
51	CambodiaKHMSouth-eastern Asia	52.861
52	VietnamVNMSouth-eastern Asia	52.341
53	IndonesiaIDNSouth-eastern Asia	50.672
54	ThailandTHASouth-eastern Asia	49.720
55	EcuadorECUSouth America	48.627
56	PeruPERSouth America	48.616
57	EritreaERIEastern Africa	48.292
58	AlbaniaALBSouthern Europe	46.733
59	SomaliaSOMEastern Africa	46.090
60	YemenYEMWestern Asia	45.422
61	ColombiaCOLSouth America	43.798
62	GeorgiaGEOWestern Asia	43.565
63	SamoaWSMPolynesia	42.002
64	RwandaRWAEastern Africa	40.172
65	IranIRNSouthern Asia	40.010
66	NicaraguaNICCentral America	39.326
67	Sri LankaLKASouthern Asia	39.299
68	MongoliaMNGEastern Asia	39.294
69	SyriaSYRWestern Asia	38.833
70	Dominican RepublicDOMCaribbean	38.300
71	VenezuelaVENSouth America	36.997
72	GuatemalaGTMCentral America	36.613
73	ParaguayPRYSouth America	36.230
74	MoroccoMARNorthern Africa	36.154
75	PanamaPANCentral America	36.068
76	São Tomé and PríncipeSTPMiddle Africa	35.135
77	Cabo VerdeCPVWestern Africa	35.073
78	HondurasHNDCentral America	34.372
79	PhilippinesPHLSouth-eastern Asia	34.258
80	ChinaCHNEastern Asia	34.229
81	TongaTONPolynesia	34.041
82	ArmeniaARMWestern Asia	33.974
83	UzbekistanUZBCentral Asia	33.741
84	FijiFJIMelanesia	33.422
85	LesothoLSOSouthern Africa	32.858
86	JamaicaJAMCaribbean	31.728
87	El SalvadorSLVCentral America	31.510
88	NamibiaNAMSouthern Africa	30.490
89	DjiboutiDJIEastern Africa	30.428
90	BelizeBLZCentral America	30.175
91	KyrgyzstanKGZCentral Asia	29.935
92	GabonGABMiddle Africa	29.918
93	EswatiniSWZSouthern Africa	28.741
94	TurkmenistanTKMCentral Asia	28.552
95	TajikistanTJKCentral Asia	28.529
96	IraqIRQWestern Asia	27.073
97	BrazilBRASouth America	27.008
98	GuyanaGUYSouth America	26.709
99	MexicoMEXCentral America	26.110
100	AlgeriaDZANorthern Africa	25.925
101	BotswanaBWASouthern Africa	25.759
102	KazakhstanKAZCentral Asia	24.953
103	UruguayURYSouth America	24.624
104	EgyptEGYNorthern Africa	24.300
105	SerbiaSRBSouthern Europe	24.049
106	TürkiyeTURWestern Asia	23.940
107	Saint LuciaLCACaribbean	23.922
108	Costa RicaCRICentral America	23.767
109	GreeceGRCSouthern Europe	23.668
110	Equatorial GuineaGNQMiddle Africa	22.637
111	ArgentinaARGSouth America	22.443
112	LibyaLBYNorthern Africa	22.270
113	Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesVCTCaribbean	22.210
114	MalaysiaMYSSouth-eastern Asia	22.146
115	ChileCHLSouth America	21.493
116	Trinidad and TobagoTTOCaribbean	21.149
117	CubaCUBCaribbean	19.412
118	LebanonLBNWestern Asia	19.394
119	BarbadosBRBCaribbean	19.252
120	SurinameSURSouth America	18.854
121	Bosnia and HerzegovinaBIHSouthern Europe	18.780
122	South KoreaKOREastern Asia	18.187
123	TunisiaTUNNorthern Africa	18.104
124	MaldivesMDVSouthern Asia	17.480
125	PolandPOLEastern Europe	16.561
126	BahamasBHSCaribbean	16.079
127	MauritiusMUSEastern Africa	15.572
128	French PolynesiaPYFPolynesia	15.127
129	MontenegroMNESouthern Europe	14.946
130	ItalyITASouthern Europe	14.546
131	CzechiaCZEEastern Europe	14.023
132	New CaledoniaNCLMelanesia	13.873
133	NetherlandsNLDWestern Europe	13.463
134	RomaniaROUEastern Europe	13.323
135	New ZealandNZLAustralia and New Zealand	13.073
136	SlovakiaSVKEastern Europe	12.402
137	GuamGUMMicronesia	11.991
138	United KingdomGBRNorthern Europe	11.861
139	BelgiumBELWestern Europe	11.206
140	SloveniaSVNSouthern Europe	10.965
141	South AfricaZAFSouthern Africa	10.909
142	LithuaniaLTUNorthern Europe	10.786
143	SpainESPSouthern Europe	10.414
144	Puerto RicoPRICaribbean	10.375
145	IrelandIRLNorthern Europe	10.321
146	IcelandISLNorthern Europe	10.281
147	MaltaMLTSouthern Europe	10.261
148	PortugalPRTSouthern Europe	10.219
149	North MacedoniaMKDSouthern Europe	9.939
150	FinlandFINNorthern Europe	9.761
151	SwitzerlandCHEWestern Europe	9.680
152	CanadaCANNorthern America	9.468
153	AustraliaAUSAustralia and New Zealand	9.259
154	SingaporeSGPSouth-eastern Asia	9.068
155	CyprusCYPWestern Asia	8.892
156	LatviaLVANorthern Europe	8.275
157	HungaryHUNEastern Europe	8.246
158	JordanJORWestern Asia	8.182
159	FranceFRAWestern Europe	8.081
160	AustriaAUTWestern Europe	7.893
161	IsraelISRWestern Asia	7.889
162	JapanJPNEastern Asia	7.879
163	CroatiaHRVSouthern Europe	7.249
164	BulgariaBGREastern Europe	7.185
165	SwedenSWENorthern Europe	7.037
166	EstoniaESTNorthern Europe	7.000
167	LuxembourgLUXWestern Europe	6.854
168	BelarusBLREastern Europe	6.634
169	Hong KongHKGEastern Asia	6.189
170	DenmarkDNKNorthern Europe	5.692
171	United States Virgin IslandsVIRCaribbean	5.514
172	RussiaRUSEastern Europe	5.198
173	BruneiBRNSouth-eastern Asia	4.690
174	GermanyDEUWestern Europe	4.445
175	Channel IslandsCHINorthern Europe	4.326
176	NorwayNORNorthern Europe	4.263
177	MacauMACEastern Asia	3.861
178	OmanOMNWestern Asia	3.802
179	United StatesUSANorthern America	3.759
180	KuwaitKWTWestern Asia	2.169
181	United Arab EmiratesAREWestern Asia	1.604
182	Saudi ArabiaSAUWestern Asia	1.574
183	BahrainBHRWestern Asia	0.944
184	QatarQATWestern Asia	0.443

02In 2023

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Chad90.107
2Sierra Leone86.498
3Madagascar84.791
4Ethiopia84.781
5Niger84.203

Lowest

184Qatar0.443
183Bahrain0.944
182Saudi Arabia1.574
181United Arab Emirates1.604
180Kuwait2.169

A higher value is the worse result. The middle country reads 29.329. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

032022 → 2023

Since 2022

What changed between 2022 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −2countries joined / left
184values changed, of 184 in both
43 · 141rose · fell
0unchanged

Rose most

Rwanda37.981 → 40.172+2.190
Timor-Leste57.317 → 58.801+1.484
Egypt23.065 → 24.300+1.235
Greece22.664 → 23.668+1.005
Bahamas15.453 → 16.079+0.626

Fell most

Panama42.121 → 36.068−6.053
Georgia47.230 → 43.565−3.665
Guatemala39.227 → 36.613−2.614
Ecuador50.972 → 48.627−2.346
Albania48.977 → 46.733−2.244

− Palestine

− Sudan

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

The site’s method

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from ILO’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2023.
The position is ours
ILO publishes values only. The order here sorts the published values, and the page says so wherever it prints one.
Which end is better
A higher value is the worse result.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 184 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
184 rows · 7.0 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download vulnerable-employment-2023-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
ILO’s own file, on its own site.
SL.EMP.VULN.ZS

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY 4.0. Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.

Cite this edition

International Labour Organization (ILO) (2023). Vulnerable Employment, 2023 [data set], describing 2023. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/vulnerable-employment/2023

0635 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Vulnerable Employment, 2022
186 countries
The year after ›
Vulnerable Employment, 2024
182 countries
All of them
Vulnerable Employment: every year
35 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions