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Photo: Rudolph.A.furtado · CC0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Egypt
Egypt places highest on Cereal Yield (top 7% worldwide) and lowest on Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources per Capita (bottom 1%).
Egypt in the Nations Inquiry Country Index
At a glance
Population
114,535,772
people
since 1950
Land area
995,450
km²
since 1961
GDP per person
17,265
international $, PPP
since 1990
Life expectancy
71.63
years at birth
since 1950
Human development
0.754
HDI, 0–1
since 1990
Unemployment
6.781
% of the labour force
since 1991
The newest published figure for each, the year it describes and who published it, with a line showing how it has moved.
01The country
About Egypt
Egypt lies in the north-eastern corner of Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula extending into western Asia. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, and the Suez Canal links the two. Most of the country is desert, and nearly all of its people live along the narrow valley and delta of the Nile, which flows north through the country to the Mediterranean. The climate is hot and dry, with very little rain. Cairo is the capital, and Alexandria, Giza and Port Said are major cities. Arabic is the official language.
Ancient Egypt was one of the world’s earliest civilisations, ruled by pharaohs for thousands of years and remembered for its hieroglyphic writing, temples and tombs. The country was later part of the Greek, Roman, Byzantine and Islamic worlds, and Cairo became a major centre of Islamic learning. Modern Egypt became independent in 1922, and the republic was declared in 1953. It is known for the Pyramids of Giza, the temples of Luxor and Abu Simbel, and its museums. Its economy relies on tourism, the Suez Canal, agriculture, natural gas and manufacturing.
Key facts about Egypt
- Capital
- Cairo
- Official language
- Arabic
- Currency
- Egyptian pound (EGP)
- ISO code
- EGY · EG
- Domain · dialling
- .eg · +20
As Wikidata records them. Official languages are the least consistent — some countries list only a national language, others every regional one. Sources and licences.
02Country Index 2026
Where it stands, topic by topic
Strongest first. Each position is Egypt’s place among the countries with a standing on that topic, built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things.
25thof 159
From 2 of 2 key statistics
41stof 147
From 3 of 3 key statistics
54thof 175
From 4 of 4 key statistics
67thof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
78thof 171
From 3 of 4 key statistics
97thof 196
From 3 of 3 key statistics
102ndof 181
From 3 of 3 key statistics
110thof 194
From 4 of 4 key statistics
133rdof 200
From 4 of 4 key statistics
119thof 177
From 4 of 4 key statistics
134thof 193
From 3 of 3 key statistics
128thof 176
From 4 of 4 key statistics
154thof 192
From 3 of 3 key statistics
164thof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
154thof 182
From 4 of 4 key statistics
166thof 183
From 4 of 4 key statistics
Each standing is built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things. Select a subject for Egypt’s readings on it, or see every statistic held for Egypt in the table further down this page.
03Highs and lows
Where Egypt stands out
The two ends of its own record: every statistic on which Egypt sits within ten places of the best or worst in the world, plus its strongest and weakest readings overall. Each is turned into a percentile — its place among every country measured — which is what lets a hunger score and a press-freedom rank be compared at all.
Where Egypt does best6
In the top third of all countries measured. 1 is within ten places of the best in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 5thDeaths in Organized Violencebottom 28%
Position · derived 55th of 59 · 1 = worst · 3 · 2025
world median 0 (worse) · ▲ 21 pts since 2015
- GovTech Maturity Indextop 11%
Position · derived 22nd of 196 · 0.911 · 2025
world median 0.63 (better) · ▲ 24 pts since 2022
Position · derived 152nd of 171 · 1 = worst · -2.309 · 2025
world median -0.661 (better) · ▲ 73 pts since 2015
- INFORM Severity Indextop 18%
Position · derived 65th of 81 · 1 = worst · 2.2 · 2025
world median 3.1 (better)
Where Egypt struggles most7
In the bottom third of all countries measured. 7 are within ten places of the worst in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 2nd
Position · derived 67th of 68 · 6.366 · 2022
world median 17.81 (worse) · ▼ 15 pts since 2017
- 3rdDebt Service on External Debtbottom 2%
Position · derived 3rd of 109 · 1 = worst · 49.23 · 2024
world median 12.93 (worse) · ▼ 35 pts since 2014
- 3rd
Position · derived 179th of 181 · 8.88 · 2022
world median 2,528 (worse)
- 8th
Position · derived 175th of 182 · 18.45 · 2025
world median 53.36 (worse) · ▼ 3 pts since 2015
- 9th
Position · derived 78th of 86 · 22.31 · 2024
world median 35.86 (worse) · ▲ 8 pts since 2016
- 9th
Position · derived 171st of 179 · 7.014 · 2025
world median 35.95 (worse)
- 9thGender Social Norms Indexbottom 9%
Position · derived 9th of 91 · 1 = worst · 99.52 · 2023
world median 91.81 (worse)
A band is a place among the countries each publisher scores, so Egypt can move because other countries moved. See the Country Index for the full method.
04Over time
Which way it is moving
The published rank in widely quoted reports, edition by edition — each end with the size of that year’s field — and the statistics, not already named above, on which it has gained or lost the most ground.
Human Development Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
91st
of 141 · 1990
100th
of 193 · 2023
Ranked in 34 of 34 editions
Corruption Perceptions Index
Transparency International
117th
of 173 · 2012
130th
of 181 · 2025
Ranked in 14 of 14 editions
Gender Inequality Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
69th
of 79 · 1990
101st
of 172 · 2023
Ranked in 34 of 34 editions
Global Innovation Index
World Intellectual Property Organization
89th
of 132 · 2022
86th
of 139 · 2025
Ranked in 4 of 4 editions
Economic Complexity Index
Growth Lab at Harvard University
76th
of 140 · 1995
77th
of 145 · 2024
Ranked in 30 of 30 editions
Government AI Readiness Index
Oxford Insights
56th
of 172 · 2020
52nd
of 195 · 2025
Ranked in 6 of 6 editions
Gaining ground
Where Egypt has climbed against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Out-of-School Rate, Primary+41 pts since 2014
Losing ground
Where Egypt has slipped against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- External Debt Stocks (% of GNI)-41 pts since 2014
- Short-Term Share of External Debt-39 pts since 2014
- Cost of Sending Remittances-36 pts since 2016
05In context
Egypt and its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place in the world ranking of 178, not within the region.
Shares a land border with
Placed either side in the Country Index 2026
06Places
Landmarks of Egypt
Giza pyramid complex
Ancient Egyptian pyramids and the Great Sphinx on the Giza Plateau near Cairo.
Photo: KennyOMG · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Abu Simbel temples
Rock-cut temples of Ramesses II in Nubia, relocated in the 1960s.
Photo: Olaf Tausch · Public domain · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Karnak
Vast complex of ancient temples near Luxor on the east bank of the Nile.
Photo: © Vyacheslav Argenberg · CC BY 4.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Cairo Citadel
Medieval Islamic fortification in Cairo, home of the Mosque of Muhammad Ali.
Photo: Ahmed Al.Badawy from Cairo, Egypt · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
White Desert National Park
Protected area of chalk rock formations near the Farafra oasis.
Photo: Daniel Fafard · Public domain · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
07The evidence
Every statistic we hold for Egypt
Grouped by topic. Each row gives the newest edition’s rank or position, the published value and the year the numbers describe — select a row for the world median, the best in the world and the trend.
Governance & Institutions29
Agriculture Orientation Index97th of 132position · derived0.17Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)2024
bottom 25% of 132 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)
Egypt 0.17 · world median 0.305 (worse)
Best in the world 5.38 (Singapore)
No real change since 2014
Central Bank Independence Indexbottom 18%0.412CBI index (0–1, where 1 is the most statutory independence)2023
bottom 18% of 191 countries measured
Ana Carolina Garriga, University of Essex · CBI index (0–1, where 1 is the most statutory independence)
Egypt 0.412 · world median 0.608
Highest 0.974 (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Civic Space Ratings169th of 198position · derived17.83Civic space score (0–100)2025
bottom 15% of 198 countries measured
CIVICUS · Civic space score (0–100)
Egypt 17.83 · world median 50.46 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
Climate Readiness (ND-GAIN)108th of 192rank0.377ND-GAIN Readiness (0–1, where 1 is the most ready)2024
bottom 44% of 192 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Readiness (0–1, where 1 is the most ready)
Egypt 0.377 · world median 0.387 (worse)
Best in the world 0.749 (Singapore)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2014
Completeness of Birth Registrationtop 43%99.1Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)2025
top 43% of 185 countries measured
UNICEF · Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)
Egypt 99.1 · world median 98.4 (better)
Best in the world 100 (53 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Control of Corruption151st of 211position · derived-0.701Control of Corruption (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 29% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Control of Corruption (−2.5 to 2.5)
Egypt -0.701 · world median -0.197 (worse)
Best in the world 2.259 (Denmark)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2015
Corruption Perceptions Index130th of 181rank30CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)2025
bottom 28% of 182 countries measured · 182 share 181 positions
Transparency International · CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)
Egypt 30 · world median 39 (worse)
Best in the world 89 (Denmark)
▼ -18 percentile points since 2015
Debt Service on External Debt3rd of 109position · derived · 1 = worst49.23Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)2024
bottom 2% of 109 countries measured
World Bank Group · Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
Egypt 49.23 · world median 12.93 (worse)
Best in the world 0.285 (Iran)
▼ -35 percentile points since 2014
External Debt Stocks (% of GNI)58th of 110position · derived · 1 = worst41.98External debt stocks (% of GNI)2024
top 48% of 110 countries measured
World Bank Group · External debt stocks (% of GNI)
Egypt 41.98 · world median 43.94 (better)
Best in the world 2.213 (Iran)
▼ -41 percentile points since 2014
General Government Consumption132nd of 132position · derived5.445General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
bottom 1% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Egypt 5.445 · world median 16.21
Highest 38.94 (Ukraine)
▼ -21 percentile points since 2015
Government AI Readiness Index52nd of 195rank59.1AI readiness score (0–100)2025
top 26% of 195 countries measured
Oxford Insights · AI readiness score (0–100)
Egypt 59.1 · world median 40.19 (better)
Best in the world 88.36 (United States)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2020
Government Effectiveness119th of 209position · derived-0.106Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)2025
bottom 43% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)
Egypt -0.106 · world median 0.101 (worse)
Best in the world 2.092 (Singapore)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2015
Government Funding per Primary Student67th of 68position · derived6.366Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita)2022
bottom 1% of 68 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita)
Egypt 6.366 · world median 17.81 (worse)
Best in the world 34.57 (South Korea)
▼ -15 percentile points since 2017
GovTech Maturity Index22nd of 196position · derived0.911GTMI score (0–1)2025
top 11% of 196 countries measured
World Bank Group · GTMI score (0–1)
Egypt 0.911 · world median 0.63 (better)
Best in the world 0.997 (South Korea)
▲ +24 percentile points since 2022
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index104th of 175position · derived0.542Judicial constraints on the executive index (0–1)2025
bottom 41% of 176 countries measured · 176 share 175 positions
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Judicial constraints on the executive index (0–1)
Egypt 0.542 · world median 0.676 (worse)
Best in the world 0.988 (Australia)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Liberal Democracy Index133rd of 176position · derived0.115Liberal democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 24% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Liberal democracy index (0–1)
Egypt 0.115 · world median 0.353 (worse)
Best in the world 0.884 (Denmark)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2015
Open Data Inventory103rd of 168rank53ODIN overall score (0–100)2024
bottom 39% of 168 countries measured
Open Data Watch · ODIN overall score (0–100)
Egypt 53 · world median 59 (worse)
Best in the world 90 (2 countries tied)
▼ -28 percentile points since 2015
Political Corruption Index50th of 176position · derived · 1 = worst0.729Political corruption index (0–1; higher = more corrupt)2025
bottom 28% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Political corruption index (0–1; higher = more corrupt)
Egypt 0.729 · world median 0.518 (worse)
Best in the world 0.004 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
Public Sector Employment43rd of 135position · derived21.77Public sector employment (% of total employment)2022
top 31% of 135 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector employment (% of total employment)
Egypt 21.77 · world median 15.01
Highest 47.1 (Maldives)
No earlier reading to compare
Public Sector Wage Bill138th of 168position · derived4.674Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)2022
bottom 18% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)
Egypt 4.674 · world median 7.975
Highest 42.65 (Nauru)
▼ -28 percentile points since 2012
Regulatory Quality136th of 209position · derived-0.459Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 35% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)
Egypt -0.459 · world median -0.093 (worse)
Best in the world 2.113 (Singapore)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2015
Rule of Law152nd of 211position · derived-0.688Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 28% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Egypt -0.688 · world median -0.102 (worse)
Best in the world 2.012 (Finland)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Statistical Performance Indicators72nd of 188position · derived78.14SPI overall score (0–100)2024
top 38% of 188 countries measured
World Bank Group · SPI overall score (0–100)
Egypt 78.14 · world median 69.3 (better)
Best in the world 94.14 (Norway)
▼ -17 percentile points since 2016
Trade Union Density44th of 139position · derived23.8Employees who are trade union members (%)2020
top 31% of 139 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employees who are trade union members (%)
Egypt 23.8 · world median 16.68 (better)
Best in the world 91.42 (Iceland)
No earlier reading to compare
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index141st of 176position · derived0.187Electoral democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 20% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Electoral democracy index (0–1)
Egypt 0.187 · world median 0.497 (worse)
Best in the world 0.913 (Denmark)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2015
Voice and Accountability189th of 206position · derived-1.635Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 8% of 206 countries measured
World Bank Group · Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Egypt -1.635 · world median -0.022 (worse)
Best in the world 1.825 (Norway)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2015
Women, Business and the Law175th of 190position · derived50.63WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)2024
bottom 8% of 190 countries measured
World Bank Group · WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)
Egypt 50.63 · world median 81.25 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (14 countries tied)
No real change since 2014
Economy & Innovation31
Account Ownership at a Financial Institution119th of 139position · derived43.11Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+)2024
bottom 14% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+)
Egypt 43.11 · world median 72.83 (worse)
Best in the world 99.85 (Iceland)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2014
Adjusted Net Savings97th of 118position · derived-1.129Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)2021
bottom 18% of 118 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)
Egypt -1.129 · world median 8.389 (worse)
Best in the world 32.18 (Bangladesh)
▼ -16 percentile points since 2011
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP)37th of 158position · derived16.55Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)2025
top 23% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)
Egypt 16.55 · world median 6.572
Highest 47.59 (Niger)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2015
Container Port Traffic26th of 103position · derived8,581,339Container port traffic (TEU, twenty-foot equivalent units)2024
top 25% of 103 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · Container port traffic (TEU, twenty-foot equivalent units)
Egypt 8,581,339 · world median 1,827,788
Highest 299,703,800 (China)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2014
Crop Production Index103rd of 195position · derived105.25Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
bottom 47% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Egypt 105.25 · world median 106.23 (worse)
Best in the world 189.93 (Senegal)
▼ -15 percentile points since 2012
Digitally-Deliverable Services Exports113th of 170position · derived14.59Digitally-deliverable services exports (% of services exports)2024
bottom 34% of 170 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · Digitally-deliverable services exports (% of services exports)
Egypt 14.59 · world median 25.42 (worse)
Best in the world 87.15 (Ireland)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2014
Economic Complexity Index77th of 145rank0.071ECI score (standardised, roughly −3 to +3)2024
bottom 47% of 145 countries measured
Growth Lab at Harvard University · ECI score (standardised, roughly −3 to +3)
Egypt 0.071 · world median 0.131 (worse)
Best in the world 1.729 (Japan)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)112th of 138position · derived19.82Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
bottom 19% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Egypt 19.82 · world median 36.34
Highest 199.76 (Hong Kong)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2015
Firms with a Bank Loan or Line of Credit171st of 179position · derived7.014Firms with a bank loan or line of credit (%)2025
bottom 4% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a bank loan or line of credit (%)
Egypt 7.014 · world median 35.95 (worse)
Best in the world 88.52 (Israel)
No earlier reading to compare
Food Production Index88th of 195position · derived109.07Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 45% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Egypt 109.07 · world median 106.08 (better)
Best in the world 177.49 (Senegal)
▼ -16 percentile points since 2012
Foreign Direct Investment Inflowstop 25%4.197FDI inflows (% of GDP)2025
top 25% of 202 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · FDI inflows (% of GDP)
Egypt 4.197 · world median 1.968
Highest 2,221 (British Virgin Islands)
▲ +29 percentile points since 2015
GDP Growth61st of 186position · derived4.392GDP growth (annual %)2025
top 32% of 186 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP growth (annual %)
Egypt 4.392 · world median 3.396 (better)
Best in the world 19.34 (Guyana)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
GDP per Capita (PPP)93rd of 185position · derived17,265GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)2025
top 50% of 185 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)
Egypt 17,265 · world median 17,265
Best in the world 139,593 (Singapore)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Global Innovation Index86th of 139rank24.71GII score (0–100)2025
bottom 38% of 139 countries measured
World Intellectual Property Organization · GII score (0–100)
Egypt 24.71 · world median 28.52 (worse)
Best in the world 65.96 (Switzerland)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2022
GNI per Capita (PPP)48th of 102position · derived15,877GNI per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)2025
top 47% of 102 countries measured
World Bank Group · GNI per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)
Egypt 15,877 · world median 14,273 (better)
Best in the world 116,633 (Singapore)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)122nd of 131position · derived12.89Gross capital formation (% of GDP)2025
bottom 7% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
Egypt 12.89 · world median 22.93
Highest 45.27 (Algeria)
No real change since 2015
Gross Savings (% of GDP)136th of 146position · derived9.26Gross savings (% of GDP)2024
bottom 7% of 146 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross savings (% of GDP)
Egypt 9.26 · world median 22.06
Highest 47.82 (Macau)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2014
Household Consumption7th of 131position · derived93.36Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
top 5% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Egypt 93.36 · world median 62.04
Highest 133.34 (Somalia)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
ICT Goods Exports44th of 119position · derived2.27ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)2024
top 36% of 120 countries measured · 120 share 119 positions
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)
Egypt 2.27 · world median 0.975 (better)
Best in the world 61.45 (Hong Kong)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2014
ICT Services Exports75th of 118position · derived5.785ICT services exports (% of services exports)2024
bottom 37% of 118 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT services exports (% of services exports)
Egypt 5.785 · world median 7.474 (worse)
Best in the world 56.25 (Ireland)
No real change since 2018
Imports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)94th of 138position · derived31.51Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
bottom 32% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Egypt 31.51 · world median 41.72
Highest 196.89 (Hong Kong)
▲ +23 percentile points since 2015
Industry Value Added including Construction (% of GDP)38th of 158position · derived32.06Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)2025
top 24% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)
Egypt 32.06 · world median 24.65
Highest 75.09 (Guyana)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2015
Liner Shipping Connectivity Index18th of 175rank284.25LSCI (index, average Q1 2023 = 100)2026
top 10% of 167 countries measured · 167 share 175 positions
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · LSCI (index, average Q1 2023 = 100)
Egypt 284.25 · world median 56.21 (better)
Best in the world 1,319 (China)
No real change since 2016
Livestock Production Index56th of 194position · derived119.36Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 28% of 194 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Egypt 119.36 · world median 107.06 (better)
Best in the world 190.08 (Malawi)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2012
Logistics Performance Index57th of 139rank3.1LPI score (1–5)2023
top 42% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · LPI score (1–5)
Egypt 3.1 · world median 2.9 (better)
Best in the world 4.3 (Singapore)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)40th of 132position · derived14.5Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)2025
top 30% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)
Egypt 14.5 · world median 11.26
Highest 43.97 (Puerto Rico)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2015
Research and Development Spending38th of 84position · derived1.034Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)2023
top 45% of 84 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)
Egypt 1.034 · world median 0.814 (better)
Best in the world 6.346 (Israel)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2013
Researchers per Million Inhabitants58th of 145position · derived1,120Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent)2024
top 40% of 145 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent)
Egypt 1,120 · world median 701.95 (better)
Best in the world 18,130 (Liechtenstein)
No earlier reading to compare
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)69th of 180position · derived5.139Natural resources rents (% of GDP)2021
top 35% of 197 countries measured · 197 share 180 positions
World Bank Group · Natural resources rents (% of GDP)
Egypt 5.139 · world median 1.708
Highest 61.03 (Libya)
▼ -11 percentile points since 2011
Trade (% of GDP)103rd of 138position · derived51.33Exports plus imports (% of GDP)2025
bottom 26% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports plus imports (% of GDP)
Egypt 51.33 · world median 79.68
Highest 396.65 (Hong Kong)
▲ +21 percentile points since 2015
World Energy Trilemma Index54th of 99rank62.2Trilemma score (0–100)2023
bottom 43% of 126 countries measured · 126 share 99 positions
World Energy Council · Trilemma score (0–100)
Egypt 62.2 · world median 63.8 (worse)
Best in the world 83.2 (Denmark)
No earlier reading to compare
Work & Labour19
Average Weekly Hours Worked31st of 182position · derived44.12Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person2025
top 17% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person
Egypt 44.12 · world median 38.89
Highest 54.7 (Bhutan)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Agriculture83rd of 182position · derived17.52Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)2025
top 45% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)
Egypt 17.52 · world median 14.38
Highest 85.34 (Burundi)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Industry22nd of 182position · derived29.36Employment in industry (% of total employment)2025
top 12% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in industry (% of total employment)
Egypt 29.36 · world median 18.88
Highest 39.44 (Oman)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Services109th of 182position · derived53.12Employment in services (% of total employment)2025
bottom 40% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in services (% of total employment)
Egypt 53.12 · world median 59.51
Highest 92.17 (Djibouti)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Employment-to-Population Ratio160th of 182position · derived41.55Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)2025
bottom 12% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)
Egypt 41.55 · world median 57.72 (worse)
Best in the world 86.9 (Qatar)
No real change since 2015
Female Labour Force Participation Rate175th of 182position · derived18.45Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
bottom 4% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Egypt 18.45 · world median 53.36 (worse)
Best in the world 82.91 (Madagascar)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2015
Female Share of Senior and Middle Management78th of 86position · derived22.31Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)2024
bottom 9% of 86 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)
Egypt 22.31 · world median 35.86 (worse)
Best in the world 56.69 (Nauru)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2016
Firms with a Female Top Manager164th of 179position · derived6.325Firms with a female top manager (%)2025
bottom 8% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a female top manager (%)
Egypt 6.325 · world median 19.16 (worse)
Best in the world 62.9 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
GDP per Person Employed66th of 168position · derived60,717GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)2025
top 39% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)
Egypt 60,717 · world median 47,384 (better)
Best in the world 262,554 (Luxembourg)
No real change since 2015
Informal Employment Rate32nd of 97position · derived · 1 = worst66.97Informal employment (% of total employment)2025
bottom 32% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Informal employment (% of total employment)
Egypt 66.97 · world median 36.83 (worse)
Best in the world 0.857 (Hungary)
No earlier reading to compare
Labour Force Participation Rate165th of 182position · derived44.57Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
bottom 9% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Egypt 44.57 · world median 61.66 (worse)
Best in the world 87.01 (Qatar)
No real change since 2015
Labour Productivity per Hour Worked79th of 182position · derived26.44Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)2025
top 43% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)
Egypt 26.44 · world median 22.16 (better)
Best in the world 164.65 (Ireland)
▲ +2 percentile points since 2015
Self-Employment Rate106th of 182position · derived26.98Self-employed (% of total employment)2025
bottom 42% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Self-employed (% of total employment)
Egypt 26.98 · world median 31.84
Highest 91.56 (Chad)
No real change since 2015
Unemployment Rate60th of 182position · derived · 1 = worst6.781Unemployment (% of labour force)2025
bottom 33% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment (% of labour force)
Egypt 6.781 · world median 5.084 (worse)
Best in the world 0.13 (Qatar)
▲ +15 percentile points since 2015
Vulnerable Employment103rd of 182position · derived · 1 = worst23.94Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)2025
top 44% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)
Egypt 23.94 · world median 28.67 (better)
Best in the world 0.456 (Qatar)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2015
Working Poverty Ratetop 28%0.35Employed people living in extreme poverty (%)2025
top 28% of 113 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employed people living in extreme poverty (%)
Egypt 0.35 · world median 4.885 (better)
Best in the world 0.007 (Bhutan)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Youth Not in Education, Employment or Training22nd of 97position · derived · 1 = worst23.78Youth not in education, employment or training (%)2024
bottom 22% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Youth not in education, employment or training (%)
Egypt 23.78 · world median 14.31 (worse)
Best in the world 3.975 (Iceland)
No real change since 2014
Youth Unemployment Rate58th of 182position · derived · 1 = worst18.29Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)2025
bottom 31% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)
Egypt 18.29 · world median 12.83 (worse)
Best in the world 0.457 (Niger)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2015
Education & Knowledge19
Academic Freedom Index166th of 176position · derived0.075Academic freedom index (0–1)2025
bottom 6% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Academic freedom index (0–1)
Egypt 0.075 · world median 0.619 (worse)
Best in the world 0.978 (Czechia)
No real change since 2015
Adult Literacy Rate122nd of 172position · derived79.45Adults 15+ who can read and write (%)2024
bottom 29% of 172 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 15+ who can read and write (%)
Egypt 79.45 · world median 93.99 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (3 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Expected Years of Schooling109th of 195position · derived13.13Expected years of schooling2023
bottom 44% of 195 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Expected years of schooling
Egypt 13.13 · world median 13.34 (worse)
Best in the world 21.69 (Monaco)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2013
Female Share of Researcherstop 31%44.44Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity)2024
top 31% of 153 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity)
Egypt 44.44 · world median 38.17
Highest 76.54 (Myanmar)
No earlier reading to compare
Harmonized Test Scores148th of 172position · derived355.99Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment)2020
bottom 14% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment)
Egypt 355.99 · world median 414.32 (worse)
Best in the world 575.27 (Singapore)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2010
Inbound Mobility Rate, Tertiary50th of 75position · derived2.395Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%)2024
bottom 35% of 76 countries measured · 76 share 75 positions
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%)
Egypt 2.395 · world median 5.494 (worse)
Best in the world 87.12 (San Marino)
No real change since 2014
Learning Poverty44th of 125position · derived · 1 = worst56.1210-year-olds who cannot read and understand a simple text (%)2023
bottom 35% of 125 countries measured
World Bank Group and UNESCO Institute for Statistics · 10-year-olds who cannot read and understand a simple text (%)
Egypt 56.12 · world median 34.02 (worse)
Best in the world 2.331 (Ireland)
No earlier reading to compare
Learning-Adjusted Years of School114th of 172position · derived6.529Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14)2020
bottom 34% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14)
Egypt 6.529 · world median 7.941 (worse)
Best in the world 12.81 (Singapore)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2010
Mean Years of Schooling90th of 193position · derived10.14Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)2023
top 46% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)
Egypt 10.14 · world median 9.933 (better)
Best in the world 14.3 (Germany)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2013
Out-of-School Rate, Primary64th of 121position · derived · 1 = worst3.514Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)2024
top 48% of 121 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)
Egypt 3.514 · world median 3.691 (better)
Best in the world 0.004 (United Arab Emirates)
▲ +41 percentile points since 2014
Outbound Mobility Ratio, Tertiarybottom 16%1.836Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home)2023
bottom 16% of 117 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home)
Egypt 1.836 · world median 5.279
Highest 1,724 (Cook Islands)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2013
Pre-Primary Net Enrolment Rate106th of 120position · derived26.83Net enrolment rate, pre-primary (%)2024
bottom 12% of 120 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Net enrolment rate, pre-primary (%)
Egypt 26.83 · world median 65.93 (worse)
Best in the world 99.85 (Moldova)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Primary Completion Rate92nd of 165position · derived96.35Primary completion rate (%)2025
bottom 45% of 165 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Primary completion rate (%)
Egypt 96.35 · world median 97.43 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (5 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
School Life Expectancy61st of 77position · derived13School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years)2024
bottom 21% of 77 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years)
Egypt 13 · world median 14.59 (worse)
Best in the world 21.01 (Monaco)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Secondary School Enrolment80th of 109position · derived84.83Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%)2024
bottom 27% of 109 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%)
Egypt 84.83 · world median 93.19 (worse)
Best in the world 158.55 (Monaco)
No real change since 2014
Tertiary Enrolment Ratio61st of 95position · derived37.58Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%)2024
bottom 36% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%)
Egypt 37.58 · world median 52.77 (worse)
Best in the world 141.86 (Macau)
No real change since 2014
Upper Secondary Attainment54th of 95position · derived55.69Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)2023
bottom 44% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)
Egypt 55.69 · world median 65.76 (worse)
Best in the world 97.89 (Belarus)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2013
Upper Secondary Completion Rate38th of 164position · derived88.21Upper secondary completion rate (%)2025
top 23% of 164 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Upper secondary completion rate (%)
Egypt 88.21 · world median 64.87 (better)
Best in the world 99.27 (South Korea)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Youth Literacy Ratebottom 37%95.1915–24 year-olds who can read and write (%)2024
bottom 37% of 174 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · 15–24 year-olds who can read and write (%)
Egypt 95.19 · world median 98.22 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (6 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Health & Wellbeing19
Dietary Energy Supply57th of 155position · derived3,174Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)2024
top 36% of 155 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)
Egypt 3,174 · world median 2,982 (better)
Best in the world 3,962 (United States)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2014
Exclusive Breastfeeding Under Six Months73rd of 136position · derived40.2Infants under 6 months exclusively breastfed (%)2024
bottom 47% of 136 countries measured
UNICEF · Infants under 6 months exclusively breastfed (%)
Egypt 40.2 · world median 40.74 (worse)
Best in the world 83.3 (Burundi)
No earlier reading to compare
Female Genital Mutilation Prevalencebottom 13%87.2Women aged 15-49 who have undergone FGM (%)2024
bottom 13% of 31 countries measured
UNICEF · Women aged 15-49 who have undergone FGM (%)
Egypt 87.2 · world median 34.1 (worse)
Best in the world 0.3 (Uganda)
No earlier reading to compare
Gender Inequality Index101st of 172rank0.398GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)2023
bottom 42% of 172 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)
Egypt 0.398 · world median 0.351 (worse)
Best in the world 0.003 (Denmark)
▲ +22 percentile points since 2013
Global Multidimensional Poverty Index69th of 109position · derived · 1 = worst0.02MPI (0–1)2025
top 37% of 109 countries measured
Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) · MPI (0–1)
Egypt 0.02 · world median 0.039 (better)
Best in the world 0 (Serbia)
▼ -7 percentile points since 2018
Global Violent Deaths137th of 206position · derived · 1 = worst2.08Violent deaths per 100,000 people2021
top 34% of 209 countries measured · 209 share 206 positions
Small Arms Survey · Violent deaths per 100,000 people
Egypt 2.08 · world median 4.02 (better)
Best in the world 0 (4 countries tied)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2011
Human Capital Index113th of 172position · derived0.494HCI score (0–1)2020
bottom 35% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · HCI score (0–1)
Egypt 0.494 · world median 0.564 (worse)
Best in the world 0.879 (Singapore)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2010
Human Development Index100th of 193rank0.754HDI score (0–1)2023
bottom 48% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · HDI score (0–1)
Egypt 0.754 · world median 0.762 (worse)
Best in the world 0.972 (Iceland)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2013
Infant Mortality Rate68th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst20.83Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births)2024
bottom 34% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births)
Egypt 20.83 · world median 12.26 (worse)
Best in the world 1.214 (San Marino)
No real change since 2014
INFORM Severity Index65th of 81position · derived · 1 = worst2.2INFORM Severity (1–5, most severe crisis)2025
top 18% of 81 countries measured
ACAPS · INFORM Severity (1–5, most severe crisis)
Egypt 2.2 · world median 3.1 (better)
Best in the world 1.3 (Trinidad and Tobago)
No real change since 2020
Life Expectancy at Age 65198th of 222position · derived13.33Further years a 65-year-old would live at current death rates2023
bottom 11% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Further years a 65-year-old would live at current death rates
Egypt 13.33 · world median 16.39 (worse)
Best in the world 23.21 (Monaco)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Life Expectancy at Birth144th of 222position · derived71.63Years a newborn would live at current death rates2023
bottom 35% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Years a newborn would live at current death rates
Egypt 71.63 · world median 74.63 (worse)
Best in the world 86.37 (Monaco)
No real change since 2013
Maternal Mortality Ratio128th of 195position · derived · 1 = worst16.95Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births2023
top 35% of 195 countries measured
UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG) · Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
Egypt 16.95 · world median 46.65 (better)
Best in the world 0.11 (Cook Islands)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2013
Pesticide Use per Hectare70th of 178position · derived3.22Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)2024
top 38% of 181 countries measured · 181 share 178 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)
Egypt 3.22 · world median 1.73
Highest 37.72 (Antigua and Barbuda)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity38th of 127position · derived · 1 = worst12Population in severe food insecurity (%)2023
bottom 28% of 133 countries measured · 133 share 127 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population in severe food insecurity (%)
Egypt 12 · world median 4.7 (worse)
Best in the world 0 (7 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Prevalence of Undernourishment57th of 104position · derived · 1 = worst9.4Population undernourished (%)2023
bottom 34% of 165 countries measured · 165 share 104 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population undernourished (%)
Egypt 9.4 · world median 5.2 (worse)
Best in the world 2.5 (62 countries tied)
▼ -16 percentile points since 2013
Stunting Prevalence in Children Under Five87th of 162position · derived · 1 = worst12.83Children under 5 who are stunted (%)2024
top 47% of 162 countries measured
UNICEF, WHO and World Bank Group (Joint Malnutrition Estimates) · Children under 5 who are stunted (%)
Egypt 12.83 · world median 13.8 (better)
Best in the world 0.518 (Latvia)
No earlier reading to compare
Under-Five Mortality Rate70th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst22.37Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)2024
bottom 35% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)
Egypt 22.37 · world median 14.54 (worse)
Best in the world 1.26 (San Marino)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Violent Discipline of Children28th of 90position · derived · 1 = worst82.9Children aged 1-14 experiencing violent discipline (%)2025
bottom 30% of 90 countries measured
UNICEF · Children aged 1-14 experiencing violent discipline (%)
Egypt 82.9 · world median 75.8 (worse)
Best in the world 37.6 (Qatar)
No earlier reading to compare
Development & Human Capital8
Access to Electricitytop 28%100Population with electricity access (%)2024
top 28% of 215 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population with electricity access (%)
Egypt 100 · world median 100
Best in the world 100 (122 countries tied)
▲ +15 percentile points since 2014
Cereal Yield13th of 179position · derived7,402Cereal yield (kg per hectare)2023
top 7% of 179 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Egypt 7,402 · world median 3,072 (better)
Best in the world 29,147 (Oman)
No real change since 2013
Child Marriage79th of 143position · derived · 1 = worst15.8Women 20–24 married before 18 (%)2025
top 46% of 145 countries measured · 145 share 143 positions
UNICEF · Women 20–24 married before 18 (%)
Egypt 15.8 · world median 17.1 (better)
Best in the world 0 (3 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Coefficient of Human Inequality66th of 169position · derived · 1 = worst22.02Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)2023
bottom 39% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)
Egypt 22.02 · world median 17.05 (worse)
Best in the world 4.865 (Slovenia)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2013
Gender Development Index156th of 184position · derived0.895Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)2023
bottom 15% of 184 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)
Egypt 0.895 · world median 0.971 (worse)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
No real change since 2013
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index98th of 169position · derived0.582IHDI (0–1)2023
bottom 42% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · IHDI (0–1)
Egypt 0.582 · world median 0.609 (worse)
Best in the world 0.923 (Iceland)
No real change since 2013
Net Official Development Assistance Received117th of 130position · derived0.127Net ODA received (% of GNI)2023
bottom 10% of 130 countries measured
OECD Development Assistance Committee · Net ODA received (% of GNI)
Egypt 0.127 · world median 2.579
Highest 101.78 (Tuvalu)
▼ -31 percentile points since 2013
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI46th of 156position · derived0.726PHDI (0–1)2023
top 30% of 156 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · PHDI (0–1)
Egypt 0.726 · world median 0.678 (better)
Best in the world 0.827 (United Kingdom)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2013
Environment & Sustainability21
Agricultural Emissions51st of 193position · derived31,331Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)2023
top 25% of 198 countries measured · 198 share 193 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)
Egypt 31,331 · world median 8,635
Highest 1,044,508 (India)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Agricultural Land195th of 209position · derived4.077Agricultural land (% of land area)2023
bottom 7% of 209 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agricultural land (% of land area)
Egypt 4.077 · world median 37.96
Highest 86.48 (Côte d’Ivoire)
No real change since 2013
Arable Land per Person164th of 206position · derived0.027Arable land (hectares per person)2023
bottom 20% of 206 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Arable land (hectares per person)
Egypt 0.027 · world median 0.109
Highest 1.459 (Kazakhstan)
No real change since 2013
Carbon Intensity of Electricity59th of 193position · derived · 1 = worst574.51Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)2024
bottom 30% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)
Egypt 574.51 · world median 468.81 (worse)
Best in the world 23.49 (Ethiopia)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2014
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN)110th of 190rank0.469ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable)2024
bottom 42% of 190 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable)
Egypt 0.469 · world median 0.45 (worse)
Best in the world 0.263 (Norway)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
CO₂ Emissions per Capita126th of 210position · derived · 1 = worst2.217Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)2024
top 40% of 210 countries measured
Global Carbon Project · Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)
Egypt 2.217 · world median 3.21 (better)
Best in the world 0.054 (DR Congo)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Ecological Footprint85th of 126position · derived · 1 = worst1.362Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)2025
top 33% of 126 countries measured
Global Footprint Network · Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)
Egypt 1.362 · world median 2.296 (better)
Best in the world 0.514 (Yemen)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Energy Intensity of GDP (PPP)bottom 47%2.871Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP)2024
bottom 47% of 192 countries measured
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP)
Egypt 2.871 · world median 2.738 (worse)
Best in the world 0.666 (Chad)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2014
Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare8th of 188position · derived532.77Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)2023
top 4% of 191 countries measured · 191 share 188 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)
Egypt 532.77 · world median 87.36
Highest 2,926 (Malaysia)
No real change since 2013
Forest Area207th of 210position · derived0.045Forest area (% of land area)2023
bottom 3% of 213 countries measured · 213 share 210 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Forest area (% of land area)
Egypt 0.045 · world median 31.08
Highest 94.45 (Suriname)
No real change since 2013
Land Under Cereal Production41st of 179position · derived3,160,027Land under cereal production (hectares)2023
top 22% of 180 countries measured · 180 share 179 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Land under cereal production (hectares)
Egypt 3,160,027 · world median 689,278
Highest 103,715,108 (India)
No real change since 2013
Livestock Density27th of 188position · derived1.71Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land2023
top 14% of 188 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land
Egypt 1.71 · world median 0.535
Highest 43.97 (Singapore)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2013
Low-Carbon Share of Electricity Generation149th of 190position · derived11.2Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated)2024
bottom 23% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated)
Egypt 11.2 · world median 35.66 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2014
ND-GAIN Country Index106th of 190rank45.42ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt)2024
bottom 44% of 190 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt)
Egypt 45.42 · world median 47.44 (worse)
Best in the world 71.85 (Norway)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2014
Organic Agricultural Area49th of 150position · derived2.74Organic share of agricultural land (%)2024
top 31% of 156 countries measured · 156 share 150 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Organic share of agricultural land (%)
Egypt 2.74 · world median 0.725 (better)
Best in the world 86.38 (Samoa)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2014
Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources per Capita179th of 181position · derived8.88Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)2022
bottom 1% of 181 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)
Egypt 8.88 · world median 2,528 (worse)
Best in the world 445,023 (Iceland)
No real change since 2012
Renewable Share of Electricity Generation145th of 190position · derived11.2Renewables (% of electricity generated)2024
bottom 25% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Renewables (% of electricity generated)
Egypt 11.2 · world median 31.14 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2014
Water Stress15th of 177position · derived · 1 = worst112.93Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)2023
bottom 8% of 177 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)
Egypt 112.93 · world median 10 (worse)
Best in the world 0.03 (Republic of the Congo)
No real change since 2013
Water Withdrawal by Sector52nd of 171position · derived79.16Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total)2022
top 30% of 173 countries measured · 173 share 171 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total)
Egypt 79.16 · world median 62.14
Highest 99.48 (Somalia)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2012
Wind and Solar Share of Electricity Generationbottom 47%5.143Wind and solar (% of electricity generated)2024
bottom 47% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Wind and solar (% of electricity generated)
Egypt 5.143 · world median 5.769 (worse)
Best in the world 69.12 (Denmark)
▼ -11 percentile points since 2014
World Risk Index26th of 193position · derived · 1 = worst18.91WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)2025
bottom 13% of 193 countries measured
Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV), Ruhr University Bochum · WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)
Egypt 18.91 · world median 4.17 (worse)
Best in the world 0.18 (Monaco)
No real change since 2015
Gender & Equality4
Sex Ratio at Birthtop 39%105.5Male births per 100 female births2023
top 39% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Male births per 100 female births
Egypt 105.5 · world median 105.1
Highest 116.3 (Liechtenstein)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2013
Social Institutions and Gender Index14th of 140position · derived · 1 = worst54.6SIGI score (0 = no discrimination, 100 = absolute)2023
bottom 9% of 140 countries measured
OECD · SIGI score (0 = no discrimination, 100 = absolute)
Egypt 54.6 · world median 25.2 (worse)
Best in the world 6.7 (Norway)
No earlier reading to compare
Women's Political Empowerment Index143rd of 176position · derived0.547Women's political empowerment index (0–1)2025
bottom 19% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Women's political empowerment index (0–1)
Egypt 0.547 · world median 0.772 (worse)
Best in the world 0.954 (Denmark)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2015
Democracy & Civil Liberties8
Deliberative Democracy Index144th of 176position · derived0.12Deliberative democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 18% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Deliberative democracy index (0–1)
Egypt 0.12 · world median 0.339 (worse)
Best in the world 0.867 (Denmark)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Egalitarian Democracy Index158th of 176position · derived0.106Egalitarian democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 10% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Egalitarian democracy index (0–1)
Egypt 0.106 · world median 0.321 (worse)
Best in the world 0.876 (Denmark)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Freedom of Expression and Alternative Sources of Information Index148th of 176position · derived0.179Freedom of expression index (0–1)2025
bottom 16% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom of expression index (0–1)
Egypt 0.179 · world median 0.693 (worse)
Best in the world 0.98 (Denmark)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Government Censorship of the Media158th of 176position · derived-1.938Original latent estimate (≈ −3 to +3.5); higher = less censorship2025
bottom 10% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −3 to +3.5); higher = less censorship
Egypt -1.938 · world median 0.565 (worse)
Best in the world 3.489 (Belgium)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Government Internet Shutdowns115th of 176position · derived0.114Original latent estimate (≈ −4 to +2); higher = fewer shutdowns2025
bottom 35% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −4 to +2); higher = fewer shutdowns
Egypt 0.114 · world median 1.023 (worse)
Best in the world 2.081 (Spain)
▲ +2 percentile points since 2015
Military Dimension Indexbottom 7%0.5Military dimension index (0–1; higher = larger military role)2025
bottom 7% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Military dimension index (0–1; higher = larger military role)
Egypt 0.5 · world median 0.1 (worse)
Best in the world 0 (76 countries tied)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Participatory Democracy Index153rd of 176position · derived0.076Participatory democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 13% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Participatory democracy index (0–1)
Egypt 0.076 · world median 0.298 (worse)
Best in the world 0.785 (Switzerland)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Physical Violence Index154th of 176position · derived0.22Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)2025
bottom 13% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)
Egypt 0.22 · world median 0.79 (worse)
Best in the world 0.989 (2 countries tied)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2015
Peace & Security6
Deaths in Organized Violence55th of 59position · derived · 1 = worst3Deaths in organized violence (people)2025
bottom 28% of 196 countries measured · 196 share 59 positions
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · Deaths in organized violence (people)
Egypt 3 · world median 0 (worse)
Best in the world 0 (138 countries tied)
▲ +21 percentile points since 2015
Global Militarisation Index47th of 149rank · 1 = worst130.08GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)2023
bottom 31% of 149 countries measured
Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC) · GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)
Egypt 130.08 · world median 100.66 (worse)
Best in the world 3.512 (Haiti)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
INFORM Risk Index59th of 191position · derived · 1 = worst5INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)2025
bottom 31% of 191 countries measured
European Commission Joint Research Centre, with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee · INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)
Egypt 5 · world median 3.7 (worse)
Best in the world 0.7 (Singapore)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2016
Political Stability and Absence of Violence180th of 211position · derived-0.888Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 15% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Egypt -0.888 · world median 0.171 (worse)
Best in the world 1.563 (Andorra)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Political Violence by Non-State Actors152nd of 171position · derived · 1 = worst-2.309Original latent estimate (≈ −3.5 to +4); higher = more violence2025
top 11% of 171 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −3.5 to +4); higher = more violence
Egypt -2.309 · world median -0.661 (better)
Best in the world -3.182 (Luxembourg)
▲ +73 percentile points since 2015
Refugees by Country of Origintop 22%23,763Refugees under UNHCR's mandate from this country, end of year (people)2025
top 22% of 202 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Refugees under UNHCR's mandate from this country, end of year (people)
Egypt 23,763 · world median 1,272
Highest 5,224,131 (Ukraine)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2015
Risk & Resilience2
Asylum-Seekers by Country of Asylumtop 1%878,268Asylum-seekers awaiting a decision, end of year (people)2025
top 1% of 177 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Asylum-seekers awaiting a decision, end of year (people)
Egypt 878,268 · world median 1,836
Highest 3,718,945 (United States)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Refugee Population by Country of Asylumtop 18%220,033Refugees under UNHCR's mandate hosted, end of year (people)2025
top 18% of 177 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Refugees under UNHCR's mandate hosted, end of year (people)
Egypt 220,033 · world median 12,269
Highest 2,655,191 (Germany)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Mobility & Trade4
Average Time to Clear Exports Through Customs98th of 174position · derived · 1 = worst3.988Average time to clear exports through customs (days)2025
top 44% of 175 countries measured · 175 share 174 positions
World Bank Group · Average time to clear exports through customs (days)
Egypt 3.988 · world median 4.456 (better)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Cereal Import Dependency Ratiotop 50%42.8Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)2022
top 50% of 161 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)
Egypt 42.8 · world median 42.8
Highest 100 (16 countries tied)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2012
Cost of Sending Remittances46th of 93position · derived · 1 = worst3.303Average cost of sending $200 home (% of the amount)2023
bottom 49% of 93 countries measured
World Bank Group · Average cost of sending $200 home (% of the amount)
Egypt 3.303 · world median 3.225 (worse)
Best in the world -49.69 (Malawi)
▼ -36 percentile points since 2016
Net Migration Ratetop 24%2.663Net migrants per 1,000 population2023
top 24% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Net migrants per 1,000 population
Egypt 2.663 · world median -0.133
Highest 39.62 (South Sudan)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2013
Poverty & Inequality1
Poverty Headcount at National Poverty Linestop 28%33.5Population below the national poverty line (%)2025
top 28% of 160 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population below the national poverty line (%)
Egypt 33.5 · world median 21.8
Highest 82.3 (South Sudan)
No earlier reading to compare
Money & Public Finance1
Short-Term Share of External Debtbottom 22%19.87Short-term debt (% of total external debt)2024
bottom 22% of 118 countries measured
World Bank Group · Short-term debt (% of total external debt)
Egypt 19.87 · world median 9.376 (worse)
Best in the world 0 (5 countries tied)
▼ -39 percentile points since 2014
Energy4
Net Electricity Imports (share of generation)bottom 20%-0.59Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation)2024
bottom 20% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation)
Egypt -0.59 · world median 0
Highest 707.07 (Palestine)
No real change since 2014
Primary Energy Consumption per Capitabottom 45%37.16Energy use per person (million Btu)2024
bottom 45% of 192 countries measured
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · Energy use per person (million Btu)
Egypt 37.16 · world median 49.5
Highest 766.07 (Qatar)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2014
RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Scorebottom 43%39.57Energy efficiency policy score (0–100)2023
bottom 43% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group (ESMAP) · Energy efficiency policy score (0–100)
Egypt 39.57 · world median 48.23 (worse)
Best in the world 95.93 (South Korea)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2013
RISE Renewable Energy Policy Scoretop 35%44.19Renewable energy policy score (0–100)2023
top 35% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group (ESMAP) · Renewable energy policy score (0–100)
Egypt 44.19 · world median 33.26 (better)
Best in the world 89.52 (Denmark)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2013
Digital & Technology2
Mobile Phone Ownership101st of 140position · derived84.56Adults who own a mobile phone (% of population aged 15+)2024
bottom 28% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults who own a mobile phone (% of population aged 15+)
Egypt 84.56 · world median 91.68 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (Libya)
No earlier reading to compare
Smartphone Ownership107th of 140position · derived55.67Adults whose main mobile phone is a smartphone (% of population aged 15+)2024
bottom 24% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults whose main mobile phone is a smartphone (% of population aged 15+)
Egypt 55.67 · world median 78.78 (worse)
Best in the world 97.36 (Sweden)
No earlier reading to compare
People & Population10
Crude Birth Ratetop 31%21Births per 1,000 population2023
top 31% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Births per 1,000 population
Egypt 21 · world median 13.79
Highest 46.36 (Central African Republic)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2013
Crude Death Ratebottom 16%5.461Deaths per 1,000 population2023
bottom 16% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Deaths per 1,000 population
Egypt 5.461 · world median 7.303
Highest 25.58 (Vatican City)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2013
Median Age of the Populationbottom 29%24.03Median age (years)2023
bottom 29% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Median age (years)
Egypt 24.03 · world median 31.52
Highest 59.63 (Vatican City)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Population Aged 65 and Overbottom 33%4.97Share of the total population aged 65 and over (%)2023
bottom 33% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Share of the total population aged 65 and over (%)
Egypt 4.97 · world median 8.32
Highest 44.7 (Vatican City)
No real change since 2013
Population Densitytop 43%115.06People per square kilometre of land2023
top 43% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · People per square kilometre of land
Egypt 115.06 · world median 96.92
Highest 26,145 (Monaco)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
Population Growth Ratetop 26%1.821Population growth (% per year)2023
top 26% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Population growth (% per year)
Egypt 1.821 · world median 0.888
Highest 5.862 (South Sudan)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Population Under Age 15top 28%32.44Share of the total population aged 0–14 (%)2023
top 28% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Share of the total population aged 0–14 (%)
Egypt 32.44 · world median 22.71
Highest 49.17 (Central African Republic)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
Sex Ratio of the Total Populationtop 20%101.98Males per 100 females2023
top 20% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Males per 100 females
Egypt 101.98 · world median 98.48
Highest 251.08 (Qatar)
No real change since 2013
Total Dependency Ratiotop 34%59.76People aged 0–14 and 65+ per 100 people aged 15–642023
top 34% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · People aged 0–14 and 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64
Egypt 59.76 · world median 54.73
Highest 105.18 (Central African Republic)
No real change since 2013
Total Fertility Ratetop 29%2.75Live births per woman2023
top 29% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Live births per woman
Egypt 2.75 · world median 1.962
Highest 6.132 (Somalia)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Not currently covered
The newest edition of these reports does not include Egypt. Usually the publisher does not cover it; sometimes it has dropped out of a ranking it used to appear in.
- Agricultural Irrigated Land
- Births Attended by Skilled Health Staff · last seen 2014
- Business Ready: Operational Efficiency
- Business Ready: Public Services
- Business Ready: Regulatory Framework
- Children with Functional Difficulties
- Country Policy and Institutional Assessment
- Fatal Occupational Injuries · last seen 2022
- Gini Index · last seen 2021
- Global Report on Food Crises
- Government Spending on Education · last seen 2008
- Income Share Held by Lowest 20% · last seen 2021
- Income Share Held by Richest 10% · last seen 2021
- Internal Displacements by Disaster · last seen 2023
- Median Daily Income or Consumption per Person · last seen 2021
- Nuclear Share of Electricity Generation
- Palma Ratio · last seen 2021
- PISA Mathematics Performance
- PISA Reading Performance
- PISA Science Performance
- Poverty Gap at $3.00 a Day · last seen 2021
- Poverty Headcount Ratio at $3.00 a Day · last seen 2021
- Poverty Headcount Ratio at $8.30 a Day · last seen 2021
- Prosperity Gap · last seen 2021
- Societal Poverty Rate · last seen 2021
- Tariff Rate, Applied, Weighted Mean, All Products · last seen 2019
08Keep reading
Explore further
09Method
Sources and how to read them
How to read this page
- The scores and ranks belong to their publishers. Nothing is adjusted, rescaled or re-ranked; each is reproduced from the edition named beside it. Where a row says position · derived, the publisher ranks nobody on that measure and the position is ours, made by ordering the published score.
- Each statistic shows its newest edition, which is not always the edition the Country Index uses: the index pins every source to one data year so its average compares like with like.
How a standing is built from percentiles, why Egypt can move because other countries moved, and why publishers measure between 120 and 215 countries each are set out in full in how a standing is made and what a standing cannot tell you.
Sources
- Statistics: 37 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
- Capital, languages, currency, codes: Wikidata, public domain (CC0).
- Map and land borders: Natural Earth, public domain. Borders are de facto — where administration actually changes — not claimed.
Photographs
All 6 photographs of Egypt on this page come from Wikimedia Commons and are shown in greyscale. The photographer and the licence are named beside each one.
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Egypt: country statistics, rankings and trends. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/egypt