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Photo: Michal Osmenda from Brussels, Belgium · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Luxembourg
Luxembourg places highest on GDP per Person Employed (top 1% worldwide) and lowest on Ecological Footprint (bottom 1%).
Luxembourg in the Nations Inquiry Country Index
At a glance
Population
665,098
people
since 1950
Land area
2,574
km²
since 2000
GDP per person
127,421
international $, PPP
since 1990
Life expectancy
82.23
years at birth
since 1950
Human development
0.922
HDI, 0–1
since 1990
Unemployment
6.343
% of the labour force
since 1991
The newest published figure for each, the year it describes and who published it, with a line showing how it has moved.
01The country
About Luxembourg
Key facts about Luxembourg
- Capital
- Luxembourg
- Official languages
- French, German, Luxembourgish
- Currency
- euro (EUR)
- ISO code
- LUX · LU
- Domain · dialling
- .lu · +352
As Wikidata records them. Official languages are the least consistent — some countries list only a national language, others every regional one. Sources and licences.
02Country Index 2026
Where it stands, topic by topic
Strongest first. Each position is Luxembourg’s place among the countries with a standing on that topic, built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things.
2ndof 192
From 3 of 3 key statistics
4thof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
4thof 175
From 4 of 4 key statistics
7thof 200
From 3 of 4 key statistics
9thof 177
From 4 of 4 key statistics
12thof 176
From 2 of 4 key statistics
16thof 194
From 4 of 4 key statistics
16thof 193
From 3 of 3 key statistics
joint21stof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
19thof 171
From 2 of 4 key statistics
23rdof 196
From 3 of 3 key statistics
35thof 159
From 2 of 2 key statistics
49thof 182
From 4 of 4 key statistics
47thof 147
From 2 of 3 key statistics
66thof 183
From 3 of 4 key statistics
150thof 181
From 3 of 3 key statistics
Each standing is built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things. Select a subject for Luxembourg’s readings on it, or see every statistic held for Luxembourg in the table further down this page.
03Highs and lows
Where Luxembourg stands out
The two ends of its own record: every statistic on which Luxembourg sits within ten places of the best or worst in the world, plus its strongest and weakest readings overall. Each is turned into a percentile — its place among every country measured — which is what lets a hunger score and a press-freedom rank be compared at all.
Where Luxembourg does best34
In the top third of all countries measured. 34 are within ten places of the best in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 1stGDP per Person Employedtop 1%
Position · derived 1st of 168 · 262,554 · 2025
world median 47,384 (better)
- 1st
Position · derived 1st of 60 · 89.49 · 2023
world median 22.76 (better)
- 1stDeaths in Organized Violencetop 35%
Position · derived 59th of 59 · 1 = worst · 0 · 2025
world median 0
- 1st
Position · derived 171st of 171 · 1 = worst · -3.182 · 2025
world median -0.661 (better) · ▲ 3 pts since 2015
- 1stProsperity Gaptop 1%
Position · derived 60th of 60 · 1 = worst · 0.406 · 2023
world median 1.754 (better) · ▲ 3 pts since 2013
- 1st
Position · derived 104th of 104 · 1 = worst · 2.5 · 2023
world median 5.2 (better) · ▼ 3 pts since 2013
- 1st
Position · derived 1st of 190 · 100 · 2024
world median 81.25 (better)
- 2nd
Position · derived 2nd of 132 · 4.32 · 2024
world median 0.305 (better)
- 2nd
Position · derived 2nd of 170 · 85.39 · 2024
world median 25.42 (better)
- 2ndLearning Povertytop 1%
Position · derived 124th of 125 · 1 = worst · 2.95 · 2023
world median 34.02 (better)
- 2nd
Position · derived 58th of 59 · 1 = worst · 0.21 · 2023
world median 7.82 (better) · ▲ 5 pts since 2013
- 2nd
Position · derived 2nd of 182 · 159.46 · 2025
world median 22.16 (better)
- 3rdGDP per Capita (PPP)top 1%
Position · derived 3rd of 185 · 127,421 · 2025
world median 17,265 (better)
- 3rdGovernment Effectivenesstop 1%
Position · derived 3rd of 209 · 1.977 · 2025
world median 0.101 (better)
- 3rdINFORM Risk Indextop 1%
Position · derived 189th of 191 · 1 = worst · 1 · 2025
world median 3.7 (better)
- 3rd
Position · derived 125th of 127 · 1 = worst · 0.6 · 2023
world median 4.7 (better) · ▲ 30 pts since 2015
- 3rd
Position · derived 198th of 200 · 1 = worst · 2.182 · 2024
world median 14.54 (better)
- 4th
Position · derived 4th of 176 · 0.824 · 2025
world median 0.339 (better) · ▲ 3 pts since 2015
- 4thWorld Risk Indextop 2%
Position · derived 190th of 193 · 1 = worst · 0.57 · 2025
world median 4.17 (better)
- 5th
- 5th
Position · derived 5th of 176 · 0.81 · 2025
world median 0.321 (better)
- 5th
Position · derived 5th of 75 · 51.46 · 2024
world median 5.494 (better) · ▼ 3 pts since 2015
- 5th
Position · derived 5th of 176 · 3.043 · 2025
world median 0.565 (better)
- 6thInfant Mortality Ratetop 3%
Position · derived 195th of 200 · 1 = worst · 1.866 · 2024
world median 12.26 (better)
- 6th
Position · derived 54th of 59 · 1 = worst · 0.03 · 2023
world median 0.345 (better) · ▲ 16 pts since 2013
- 6thRegulatory Qualitytop 2%
Position · derived 6th of 209 · 1.643 · 2025
world median -0.093 (better) · ▲ 4 pts since 2015
- 7thControl of Corruptiontop 3%
Position · derived 7th of 211 · 1.925 · 2025
world median -0.197 (better) · ▼ 2 pts since 2015
- 7th
Position · derived 7th of 176 · 0.957 · 2025
world median 0.693 (better) · ▲ 5 pts since 2015
- 7th
- 7thVoice and Accountabilitytop 3%
Position · derived 7th of 206 · 1.6 · 2025
world median -0.022 (better)
- 8th
- 8th
Position · derived 51st of 58 · 1 = worst · 0.09 · 2023
world median 0.93 (better)
- 8th
Position · derived 8th of 176 · 0.869 · 2025
world median 0.497 (better) · ▲ 6 pts since 2015
- 10th
Position · derived 167th of 176 · 1 = worst · 0.025 · 2025
world median 0.518 (better)
Where Luxembourg struggles most5
In the bottom third of all countries measured. 1 is within ten places of the worst in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 2ndEcological Footprintbottom 1%
Position · derived 2nd of 126 · 1 = worst · 10.12 · 2025
world median 2.296 (worse)
- Planetary pressures-adjusted HDIbottom 7%
Position · derived 145th of 156 · 0.479 · 2023
world median 0.678 (worse) · ▼ 27 pts since 2013
- Firms with a Female Top Managerbottom 10%
Position · derived 161st of 179 · 7.361 · 2025
world median 19.16 (worse)
- GDP Growthbottom 11%
Position · derived 166th of 186 · 0.638 · 2025
world median 3.396 (worse) · ▼ 30 pts since 2015
- CO₂ Emissions per Capitabottom 11%
Position · derived 24th of 210 · 1 = worst · 10.46 · 2024
world median 3.21 (worse) · ▲ 6 pts since 2014
A band is a place among the countries each publisher scores, so Luxembourg can move because other countries moved. See the Country Index for the full method.
04Over time
Which way it is moving
The published rank in widely quoted reports, edition by edition — each end with the size of that year’s field — and the statistics, not already named above, on which it has gained or lost the most ground.
Human Development Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
19th
of 141 · 1990
25th
of 193 · 2023
Ranked in 34 of 34 editions
Corruption Perceptions Index
Transparency International
12th
of 173 · 2012
8th
of 181 · 2025
Ranked in 14 of 14 editions
Gender Inequality Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
15th
of 79 · 1990
17th
of 172 · 2023
Ranked in 34 of 34 editions
Global Innovation Index
World Intellectual Property Organization
19th
of 132 · 2022
23rd
of 139 · 2025
Ranked in 4 of 4 editions
Government AI Readiness Index
Oxford Insights
15th
of 172 · 2020
33rd
of 195 · 2025
Ranked in 6 of 6 editions
Gaining ground
Where Luxembourg has climbed against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Livestock Production Index+61 pts since 2012
- Food Production Index+41 pts since 2012
- Low-Carbon Share of Electricity Generation+40 pts since 2014
Losing ground
Where Luxembourg has slipped against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Crop Production Index-31 pts since 2012
- Fatal Occupational Injuries-29 pts since 2013
05In context
Luxembourg and its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place in the world ranking of 178, not within the region.
Shares a land border with
Placed either side in the Country Index 2026
Across Western Europe
Every country in the sub-region, by its position in the world (of 178 placed).
- 1
Switzerland - =7
Austria - =7Luxembourg
- 10
Netherlands - 13
Germany - 15
Belgium - 19
France - —
Liechtensteinnot placed - —
Monaconot placed
06The evidence
Every statistic we hold for Luxembourg
Grouped by topic. Each row gives the newest edition’s rank or position, the published value and the year the numbers describe — select a row for the world median, the best in the world and the trend.
Governance & Institutions27
Agriculture Orientation Index2nd of 132position · derived4.32Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)2024
top 1% of 132 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)
Luxembourg 4.32 · world median 0.305 (better)
Best in the world 5.38 (Singapore)
No real change since 2014
Central Bank Independence Indextop 14%0.796CBI index (0–1, where 1 is the most statutory independence)2023
top 14% of 191 countries measured
Ana Carolina Garriga, University of Essex · CBI index (0–1, where 1 is the most statutory independence)
Luxembourg 0.796 · world median 0.608
Highest 0.974 (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
No real change since 2013
Civic Space Ratings5th of 198position · derived93.68Civic space score (0–100)2025
top 2% of 198 countries measured
CIVICUS · Civic space score (0–100)
Luxembourg 93.68 · world median 50.46 (better)
Best in the world 100 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
Climate Readiness (ND-GAIN)14th of 192rank0.661ND-GAIN Readiness (0–1, where 1 is the most ready)2024
top 7% of 192 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Readiness (0–1, where 1 is the most ready)
Luxembourg 0.661 · world median 0.387 (better)
Best in the world 0.749 (Singapore)
No real change since 2014
Completeness of Birth Registrationtop 14%100Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)2025
top 14% of 185 countries measured
UNICEF · Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)
Luxembourg 100 · world median 98.4 (better)
Best in the world 100 (53 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Control of Corruption7th of 211position · derived1.925Control of Corruption (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
top 3% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Control of Corruption (−2.5 to 2.5)
Luxembourg 1.925 · world median -0.197 (better)
Best in the world 2.259 (Denmark)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2015
Corruption Perceptions Index8th of 181rank78CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)2025
top 4% of 182 countries measured · 182 share 181 positions
Transparency International · CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)
Luxembourg 78 · world median 39 (better)
Best in the world 89 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
General Government Consumption37th of 132position · derived19.85General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
top 27% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 19.85 · world median 16.21
Highest 38.94 (Ukraine)
▲ +27 percentile points since 2015
Government AI Readiness Index33rd of 195rank64.28AI readiness score (0–100)2025
top 16% of 195 countries measured
Oxford Insights · AI readiness score (0–100)
Luxembourg 64.28 · world median 40.19 (better)
Best in the world 88.36 (United States)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2020
Government Effectiveness3rd of 209position · derived1.977Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)2025
top 1% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)
Luxembourg 1.977 · world median 0.101 (better)
Best in the world 2.092 (Singapore)
No real change since 2015
Government Funding per Primary Student34th of 68position · derived17.86Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita)2022
top 49% of 68 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita)
Luxembourg 17.86 · world median 17.81 (better)
Best in the world 34.57 (South Korea)
▼ -25 percentile points since 2012
GovTech Maturity Index66th of 196position · derived0.78GTMI score (0–1)2025
top 33% of 196 countries measured
World Bank Group · GTMI score (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.78 · world median 0.63 (better)
Best in the world 0.997 (South Korea)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2022
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index38th of 175position · derived0.867Judicial constraints on the executive index (0–1)2025
top 21% of 176 countries measured · 176 share 175 positions
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Judicial constraints on the executive index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.867 · world median 0.676 (better)
Best in the world 0.988 (Australia)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Liberal Democracy Index17th of 176position · derived0.777Liberal democracy index (0–1)2025
top 9% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Liberal democracy index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.777 · world median 0.353 (better)
Best in the world 0.884 (Denmark)
▲ +2 percentile points since 2015
Open Data Inventory57th of 168rank65ODIN overall score (0–100)2024
top 34% of 168 countries measured
Open Data Watch · ODIN overall score (0–100)
Luxembourg 65 · world median 59 (better)
Best in the world 90 (2 countries tied)
No real change since 2016
Political Corruption Index167th of 176position · derived · 1 = worst0.025Political corruption index (0–1; higher = more corrupt)2025
top 5% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Political corruption index (0–1; higher = more corrupt)
Luxembourg 0.025 · world median 0.518 (better)
Best in the world 0.004 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
Public Sector Employment11th of 135position · derived31.54Public sector employment (% of total employment)2022
top 7% of 135 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector employment (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 31.54 · world median 15.01
Highest 47.1 (Maldives)
No earlier reading to compare
Public Sector Wage Bill55th of 168position · derived10.12Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)2022
top 32% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 10.12 · world median 7.975
Highest 42.65 (Nauru)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2012
Regulatory Quality6th of 209position · derived1.643Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
top 2% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)
Luxembourg 1.643 · world median -0.093 (better)
Best in the world 2.113 (Singapore)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Rule of Law7th of 211position · derived1.708Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
top 3% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Luxembourg 1.708 · world median -0.102 (better)
Best in the world 2.012 (Finland)
No real change since 2015
Statistical Performance Indicators37th of 188position · derived85.82SPI overall score (0–100)2024
top 19% of 188 countries measured
World Bank Group · SPI overall score (0–100)
Luxembourg 85.82 · world median 69.3 (better)
Best in the world 94.14 (Norway)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2016
Trade Union Density28th of 139position · derived28.23Employees who are trade union members (%)2020
top 20% of 139 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employees who are trade union members (%)
Luxembourg 28.23 · world median 16.68 (better)
Best in the world 91.42 (Iceland)
No earlier reading to compare
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index8th of 176position · derived0.869Electoral democracy index (0–1)2025
top 4% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Electoral democracy index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.869 · world median 0.497 (better)
Best in the world 0.913 (Denmark)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Voice and Accountability7th of 206position · derived1.6Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
top 3% of 206 countries measured
World Bank Group · Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Luxembourg 1.6 · world median -0.022 (better)
Best in the world 1.825 (Norway)
No real change since 2015
Women, Business and the Law1st of 190position · derived100WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)2024
top 3% of 190 countries measured
World Bank Group · WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)
Luxembourg 100 · world median 81.25 (better)
Best in the world 100 (14 countries tied)
No real change since 2014
Economy & Innovation30
Adjusted Net Savings13th of 118position · derived20.36Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)2021
top 10% of 118 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)
Luxembourg 20.36 · world median 8.389 (better)
Best in the world 32.18 (Bangladesh)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2011
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP)157th of 158position · derived0.232Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 1% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 0.232 · world median 6.572
Highest 47.59 (Niger)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2015
Crop Production Index145th of 195position · derived96.39Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
bottom 26% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Luxembourg 96.39 · world median 106.23 (worse)
Best in the world 189.93 (Senegal)
▼ -31 percentile points since 2012
Digitally-Deliverable Services Exports2nd of 170position · derived85.39Digitally-deliverable services exports (% of services exports)2024
top 1% of 170 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · Digitally-deliverable services exports (% of services exports)
Luxembourg 85.39 · world median 25.42 (better)
Best in the world 87.15 (Ireland)
No real change since 2014
Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)2nd of 138position · derived190.52Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
top 1% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 190.52 · world median 36.34
Highest 199.76 (Hong Kong)
No real change since 2015
Firms with a Bank Loan or Line of Credit44th of 179position · derived48.65Firms with a bank loan or line of credit (%)2025
top 24% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a bank loan or line of credit (%)
Luxembourg 48.65 · world median 35.95 (better)
Best in the world 88.52 (Israel)
No earlier reading to compare
Food Production Index60th of 195position · derived114.89Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 30% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Luxembourg 114.89 · world median 106.08 (better)
Best in the world 177.49 (Senegal)
▲ +41 percentile points since 2012
Foreign Direct Investment Inflowsbottom 1%-32.97FDI inflows (% of GDP)2025
bottom 1% of 202 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · FDI inflows (% of GDP)
Luxembourg -32.97 · world median 1.968
Highest 2,221 (British Virgin Islands)
▼ -99 percentile points since 2015
GDP Growth166th of 186position · derived0.638GDP growth (annual %)2025
bottom 11% of 186 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP growth (annual %)
Luxembourg 0.638 · world median 3.396 (worse)
Best in the world 19.34 (Guyana)
▼ -30 percentile points since 2015
GDP per Capita (PPP)3rd of 185position · derived127,421GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)2025
top 1% of 185 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)
Luxembourg 127,421 · world median 17,265 (better)
Best in the world 139,593 (Singapore)
No real change since 2015
Gini Index31st of 60position · derived · 1 = worst33.59Gini index (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality)2023
top 49% of 60 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gini index (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality)
Luxembourg 33.59 · world median 33.72 (better)
Best in the world 23 (India)
▼ -18 percentile points since 2013
Global Innovation Index23rd of 139rank47.27GII score (0–100)2025
top 16% of 139 countries measured
World Intellectual Property Organization · GII score (0–100)
Luxembourg 47.27 · world median 28.52 (better)
Best in the world 65.96 (Switzerland)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2022
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)116th of 131position · derived15.5Gross capital formation (% of GDP)2025
bottom 12% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 15.5 · world median 22.93
Highest 45.27 (Algeria)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2015
Gross Savings (% of GDP)127th of 146position · derived12.46Gross savings (% of GDP)2024
bottom 13% of 146 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross savings (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 12.46 · world median 22.06
Highest 47.82 (Macau)
▼ -46 percentile points since 2014
Household Consumption126th of 131position · derived33.49Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
bottom 4% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 33.49 · world median 62.04
Highest 133.34 (Somalia)
No real change since 2015
ICT Goods Exports56th of 119position · derived1.24ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)2024
top 46% of 120 countries measured · 120 share 119 positions
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)
Luxembourg 1.24 · world median 0.975 (better)
Best in the world 61.45 (Hong Kong)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2014
ICT Services Exports86th of 118position · derived2.98ICT services exports (% of services exports)2024
bottom 27% of 118 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT services exports (% of services exports)
Luxembourg 2.98 · world median 7.474 (worse)
Best in the world 56.25 (Ireland)
▼ -20 percentile points since 2014
Imports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)2nd of 138position · derived159.36Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
top 1% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 159.36 · world median 41.72
Highest 196.89 (Hong Kong)
No real change since 2015
Industry Value Added including Construction (% of GDP)156th of 158position · derived8.876Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 1% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 8.876 · world median 24.65
Highest 75.09 (Guyana)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2015
Livestock Production Index51st of 194position · derived120.17Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 26% of 194 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Luxembourg 120.17 · world median 107.06 (better)
Best in the world 190.08 (Malawi)
▲ +61 percentile points since 2012
Logistics Performance Index26th of 139rank3.6LPI score (1–5)2023
top 21% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · LPI score (1–5)
Luxembourg 3.6 · world median 2.9 (better)
Best in the world 4.3 (Singapore)
▼ -16 percentile points since 2014
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)125th of 132position · derived3.723Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 5% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 3.723 · world median 11.26
Highest 43.97 (Puerto Rico)
▼ -14 percentile points since 2015
Palma Ratio34th of 60position · derived · 1 = worst1.309Palma ratio (income share of the richest 10% ÷ share of the poorest 40%)2023
top 44% of 60 countries measured
World Bank Group · Palma ratio (income share of the richest 10% ÷ share of the poorest 40%)
Luxembourg 1.309 · world median 1.332 (better)
Best in the world 0.771 (Slovakia)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2013
Research and Development Spending35th of 84position · derived1.07Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)2023
top 41% of 84 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 1.07 · world median 0.814 (better)
Best in the world 6.346 (Israel)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2013
Researchers per Million Inhabitants22nd of 145position · derived5,359Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent)2024
top 15% of 145 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent)
Luxembourg 5,359 · world median 701.95 (better)
Best in the world 18,130 (Liechtenstein)
No earlier reading to compare
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)169th of 180position · derived0.005Natural resources rents (% of GDP)2021
bottom 14% of 197 countries measured · 197 share 180 positions
World Bank Group · Natural resources rents (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 0.005 · world median 1.708
Highest 61.03 (Libya)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2011
Trade (% of GDP)2nd of 138position · derived349.89Exports plus imports (% of GDP)2025
top 1% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports plus imports (% of GDP)
Luxembourg 349.89 · world median 79.68
Highest 396.65 (Hong Kong)
No real change since 2015
World Energy Trilemma Index15th of 99rank77.3Trilemma score (0–100)2023
top 14% of 126 countries measured · 126 share 99 positions
World Energy Council · Trilemma score (0–100)
Luxembourg 77.3 · world median 63.8 (better)
Best in the world 83.2 (Denmark)
No earlier reading to compare
Work & Labour19
Average Weekly Hours Worked155th of 182position · derived32.14Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person2025
bottom 15% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person
Luxembourg 32.14 · world median 38.89
Highest 54.7 (Bhutan)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Agriculture174th of 182position · derived0.878Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)2025
bottom 4% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 0.878 · world median 14.38
Highest 85.34 (Burundi)
No real change since 2015
Employment in Industry172nd of 182position · derived7.644Employment in industry (% of total employment)2025
bottom 6% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in industry (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 7.644 · world median 18.88
Highest 39.44 (Oman)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Services2nd of 182position · derived91.48Employment in services (% of total employment)2025
top 1% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in services (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 91.48 · world median 59.51
Highest 92.17 (Djibouti)
No real change since 2015
Employment-to-Population Ratio92nd of 182position · derived57.6Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)2025
bottom 50% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)
Luxembourg 57.6 · world median 57.72 (worse)
Best in the world 86.9 (Qatar)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Fatal Occupational Injuriestop 47%1.82Fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers2023
top 47% of 52 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers
Luxembourg 1.82 · world median 2.005 (better)
Best in the world 0.12 (Belgium)
▼ -29 percentile points since 2013
Female Labour Force Participation Rate61st of 182position · derived57.47Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
top 33% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Luxembourg 57.47 · world median 53.36 (better)
Best in the world 82.91 (Madagascar)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2015
Female Share of Senior and Middle Management70th of 86position · derived26.88Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)2024
bottom 19% of 86 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)
Luxembourg 26.88 · world median 35.86 (worse)
Best in the world 56.69 (Nauru)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Firms with a Female Top Manager161st of 179position · derived7.361Firms with a female top manager (%)2025
bottom 10% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a female top manager (%)
Luxembourg 7.361 · world median 19.16 (worse)
Best in the world 62.9 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
GDP per Person Employed1st of 168position · derived262,554GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)2025
top 1% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)
Luxembourg 262,554 · world median 47,384 (better)
Best in the world 262,554 (Luxembourg)
No real change since 2015
Informal Employment Rate77th of 97position · derived · 1 = worst4.435Informal employment (% of total employment)2025
top 21% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Informal employment (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 4.435 · world median 36.83 (better)
Best in the world 0.857 (Hungary)
No earlier reading to compare
Labour Force Participation Rate93rd of 182position · derived61.5Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
bottom 49% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Luxembourg 61.5 · world median 61.66 (worse)
Best in the world 87.01 (Qatar)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Labour Productivity per Hour Worked2nd of 182position · derived159.46Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)2025
top 1% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)
Luxembourg 159.46 · world median 22.16 (better)
Best in the world 164.65 (Ireland)
No real change since 2015
Self-Employment Rate162nd of 182position · derived10.34Self-employed (% of total employment)2025
bottom 11% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Self-employed (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 10.34 · world median 31.84
Highest 91.56 (Chad)
No real change since 2015
Unemployment Rate67th of 182position · derived · 1 = worst6.343Unemployment (% of labour force)2025
bottom 36% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment (% of labour force)
Luxembourg 6.343 · world median 5.084 (worse)
Best in the world 0.13 (Qatar)
▼ -11 percentile points since 2015
Vulnerable Employment162nd of 182position · derived · 1 = worst6.948Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)2025
top 11% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)
Luxembourg 6.948 · world median 28.67 (better)
Best in the world 0.456 (Qatar)
No real change since 2015
Youth Not in Education, Employment or Training72nd of 97position · derived · 1 = worst10.23Youth not in education, employment or training (%)2024
top 26% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Youth not in education, employment or training (%)
Luxembourg 10.23 · world median 14.31 (better)
Best in the world 3.975 (Iceland)
▼ -19 percentile points since 2014
Youth Unemployment Rate41st of 182position · derived · 1 = worst21.47Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)2025
bottom 22% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)
Luxembourg 21.47 · world median 12.83 (worse)
Best in the world 0.457 (Niger)
▼ -17 percentile points since 2015
Education & Knowledge17
Academic Freedom Index11th of 176position · derived0.918Academic freedom index (0–1)2025
top 6% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Academic freedom index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.918 · world median 0.619 (better)
Best in the world 0.978 (Czechia)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Expected Years of Schooling79th of 195position · derived14.36Expected years of schooling2023
top 40% of 195 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Expected years of schooling
Luxembourg 14.36 · world median 13.34 (better)
Best in the world 21.69 (Monaco)
No real change since 2013
Female Share of Researchersbottom 34%32.06Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity)2024
bottom 34% of 153 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity)
Luxembourg 32.06 · world median 38.17
Highest 76.54 (Myanmar)
No earlier reading to compare
Harmonized Test Scores36th of 172position · derived492.85Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment)2020
top 20% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment)
Luxembourg 492.85 · world median 414.32 (better)
Best in the world 575.27 (Singapore)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2010
Inbound Mobility Rate, Tertiary5th of 75position · derived51.46Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%)2024
top 5% of 76 countries measured · 76 share 75 positions
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%)
Luxembourg 51.46 · world median 5.494 (better)
Best in the world 87.12 (San Marino)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2015
Learning Poverty124th of 125position · derived · 1 = worst2.9510-year-olds who cannot read and understand a simple text (%)2023
top 1% of 125 countries measured
World Bank Group and UNESCO Institute for Statistics · 10-year-olds who cannot read and understand a simple text (%)
Luxembourg 2.95 · world median 34.02 (better)
Best in the world 2.331 (Ireland)
No earlier reading to compare
Learning-Adjusted Years of School43rd of 172position · derived9.796Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14)2020
top 25% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14)
Luxembourg 9.796 · world median 7.941 (better)
Best in the world 12.81 (Singapore)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2010
Mean Years of Schooling30th of 193position · derived12.59Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)2023
top 15% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)
Luxembourg 12.59 · world median 9.933 (better)
Best in the world 14.3 (Germany)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2013
Out-of-School Rate, Primary111th of 121position · derived · 1 = worst0.256Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)2024
top 8% of 121 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)
Luxembourg 0.256 · world median 3.691 (better)
Best in the world 0.004 (United Arab Emirates)
▲ +37 percentile points since 2014
Outbound Mobility Ratio, Tertiarytop 1%167.18Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home)2023
top 1% of 117 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home)
Luxembourg 167.18 · world median 5.279
Highest 1,724 (Cook Islands)
No real change since 2015
Pre-Primary Net Enrolment Rate17th of 120position · derived95.82Net enrolment rate, pre-primary (%)2024
top 13% of 120 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Net enrolment rate, pre-primary (%)
Luxembourg 95.82 · world median 65.93 (better)
Best in the world 99.85 (Moldova)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2014
Primary Completion Rate68th of 165position · derived98.62Primary completion rate (%)2025
top 41% of 165 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Primary completion rate (%)
Luxembourg 98.62 · world median 97.43 (better)
Best in the world 100 (5 countries tied)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2015
School Life Expectancy41st of 77position · derived14.46School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years)2024
bottom 47% of 77 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years)
Luxembourg 14.46 · world median 14.59 (worse)
Best in the world 21.01 (Monaco)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Secondary School Enrolment15th of 109position · derived108.58Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%)2024
top 13% of 109 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%)
Luxembourg 108.58 · world median 93.19 (better)
Best in the world 158.55 (Monaco)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2014
Tertiary Enrolment Ratio72nd of 95position · derived22.41Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%)2024
bottom 24% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%)
Luxembourg 22.41 · world median 52.77 (worse)
Best in the world 141.86 (Macau)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2015
Upper Secondary Attainment35th of 95position · derived77.22Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)2023
top 36% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)
Luxembourg 77.22 · world median 65.76 (better)
Best in the world 97.89 (Belarus)
▼ -15 percentile points since 2013
Upper Secondary Completion Rate58th of 164position · derived81.68Upper secondary completion rate (%)2025
top 35% of 164 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Upper secondary completion rate (%)
Luxembourg 81.68 · world median 64.87 (better)
Best in the world 99.27 (South Korea)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2015
Health & Wellbeing13
Dietary Energy Supply21st of 155position · derived3,521Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)2024
top 13% of 155 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)
Luxembourg 3,521 · world median 2,982 (better)
Best in the world 3,962 (United States)
No real change since 2014
Gender Inequality Index17th of 172rank0.044GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)2023
top 9% of 172 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)
Luxembourg 0.044 · world median 0.351 (better)
Best in the world 0.003 (Denmark)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2013
Global Violent Deaths180th of 206position · derived · 1 = worst0.78Violent deaths per 100,000 people2021
top 14% of 209 countries measured · 209 share 206 positions
Small Arms Survey · Violent deaths per 100,000 people
Luxembourg 0.78 · world median 4.02 (better)
Best in the world 0 (4 countries tied)
No real change since 2011
Human Capital Index39th of 172position · derived0.686HCI score (0–1)2020
top 22% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · HCI score (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.686 · world median 0.564 (better)
Best in the world 0.879 (Singapore)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2010
Human Development Index25th of 193rank0.922HDI score (0–1)2023
top 13% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · HDI score (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.922 · world median 0.762 (better)
Best in the world 0.972 (Iceland)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Infant Mortality Rate195th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst1.866Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births)2024
top 3% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births)
Luxembourg 1.866 · world median 12.26 (better)
Best in the world 1.214 (San Marino)
No real change since 2014
Life Expectancy at Age 6518th of 222position · derived20.96Further years a 65-year-old would live at current death rates2023
top 8% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Further years a 65-year-old would live at current death rates
Luxembourg 20.96 · world median 16.39 (better)
Best in the world 23.21 (Monaco)
No real change since 2013
Life Expectancy at Birth29th of 222position · derived82.23Years a newborn would live at current death rates2023
top 13% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Years a newborn would live at current death rates
Luxembourg 82.23 · world median 74.63 (better)
Best in the world 86.37 (Monaco)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2013
Maternal Mortality Ratio143rd of 195position · derived · 1 = worst11.69Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births2023
top 27% of 195 countries measured
UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG) · Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
Luxembourg 11.69 · world median 46.65 (better)
Best in the world 0.11 (Cook Islands)
No real change since 2013
Pesticide Use per Hectare85th of 178position · derived2.06Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)2024
top 47% of 181 countries measured · 181 share 178 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)
Luxembourg 2.06 · world median 1.73
Highest 37.72 (Antigua and Barbuda)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2014
Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity125th of 127position · derived · 1 = worst0.6Population in severe food insecurity (%)2023
top 6% of 133 countries measured · 133 share 127 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population in severe food insecurity (%)
Luxembourg 0.6 · world median 4.7 (better)
Best in the world 0 (7 countries tied)
▲ +30 percentile points since 2015
Prevalence of Undernourishment104th of 104position · derived · 1 = worst2.5Population undernourished (%)2023
top 19% of 165 countries measured · 165 share 104 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population undernourished (%)
Luxembourg 2.5 · world median 5.2 (better)
Best in the world 2.5 (62 countries tied)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Under-Five Mortality Rate198th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst2.182Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)2024
top 1% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)
Luxembourg 2.182 · world median 14.54 (better)
Best in the world 1.26 (San Marino)
No real change since 2014
Development & Human Capital10
Access to Electricitytop 28%100Population with electricity access (%)2024
top 28% of 215 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population with electricity access (%)
Luxembourg 100 · world median 100
Best in the world 100 (122 countries tied)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2014
Cereal Yield36th of 179position · derived5,540Cereal yield (kg per hectare)2023
top 20% of 179 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Luxembourg 5,540 · world median 3,072 (better)
Best in the world 29,147 (Oman)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2013
Coefficient of Human Inequality132nd of 169position · derived · 1 = worst8.896Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)2023
top 22% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)
Luxembourg 8.896 · world median 17.05 (better)
Best in the world 4.865 (Slovenia)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2013
Gender Development Index12th of 184position · derived0.996Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)2023
top 7% of 184 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)
Luxembourg 0.996 · world median 0.971 (better)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
▲ +23 percentile points since 2013
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index25th of 169position · derived0.838IHDI (0–1)2023
top 14% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · IHDI (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.838 · world median 0.609 (better)
Best in the world 0.923 (Iceland)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI145th of 156position · derived0.479PHDI (0–1)2023
bottom 7% of 156 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · PHDI (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.479 · world median 0.678 (worse)
Best in the world 0.827 (United Kingdom)
▼ -27 percentile points since 2013
Poverty Gap at $3.00 a Day54th of 59position · derived · 1 = worst0.03Poverty gap at $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)2023
top 9% of 60 countries measured · 60 share 59 positions
World Bank Group · Poverty gap at $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)
Luxembourg 0.03 · world median 0.345 (better)
Best in the world 0 (2 countries tied)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2013
Poverty Headcount Ratio at $3.00 a Day51st of 58position · derived · 1 = worst0.09Population below $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)2023
top 14% of 60 countries measured · 60 share 58 positions
World Bank Group · Population below $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)
Luxembourg 0.09 · world median 0.93 (better)
Best in the world 0 (3 countries tied)
No real change since 2013
Poverty Headcount Ratio at $8.30 a Day58th of 59position · derived · 1 = worst0.21Population below $8.30 a day, 2021 PPP (%)2023
top 3% of 60 countries measured · 60 share 59 positions
World Bank Group · Population below $8.30 a day, 2021 PPP (%)
Luxembourg 0.21 · world median 7.82 (better)
Best in the world 0.07 (2 countries tied)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2013
Prosperity Gap60th of 60position · derived · 1 = worst0.406Average factor incomes must rise by to reach $28 a day2023
top 1% of 60 countries measured
World Bank Group · Average factor incomes must rise by to reach $28 a day
Luxembourg 0.406 · world median 1.754 (better)
Best in the world 0.406 (Luxembourg)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2013
Environment & Sustainability21
Agricultural Emissions153rd of 193position · derived713.38Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)2023
bottom 23% of 198 countries measured · 198 share 193 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)
Luxembourg 713.38 · world median 8,635
Highest 1,044,508 (India)
No real change since 2013
Agricultural Irrigated Land109th of 121position · derived0.276Irrigated share of agricultural land (%)2023
bottom 10% of 121 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Irrigated share of agricultural land (%)
Luxembourg 0.276 · world median 3.66
Highest 89.04 (Bangladesh)
No earlier reading to compare
Agricultural Land58th of 209position · derived51.66Agricultural land (% of land area)2023
top 27% of 209 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agricultural land (% of land area)
Luxembourg 51.66 · world median 37.96
Highest 86.48 (Côte d’Ivoire)
No real change since 2013
Arable Land per Person113th of 206position · derived0.092Arable land (hectares per person)2023
bottom 45% of 206 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Arable land (hectares per person)
Luxembourg 0.092 · world median 0.109
Highest 1.459 (Kazakhstan)
No real change since 2013
Carbon Intensity of Electricity161st of 193position · derived · 1 = worst125.83Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)2024
top 17% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)
Luxembourg 125.83 · world median 468.81 (better)
Best in the world 23.49 (Ethiopia)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2014
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN)19th of 190rank0.341ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable)2024
top 10% of 190 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable)
Luxembourg 0.341 · world median 0.45 (better)
Best in the world 0.263 (Norway)
No real change since 2014
CO₂ Emissions per Capita24th of 210position · derived · 1 = worst10.46Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)2024
bottom 11% of 210 countries measured
Global Carbon Project · Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)
Luxembourg 10.46 · world median 3.21 (worse)
Best in the world 0.054 (DR Congo)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2014
Ecological Footprint2nd of 126position · derived · 1 = worst10.12Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)2025
bottom 1% of 126 countries measured
Global Footprint Network · Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)
Luxembourg 10.12 · world median 2.296 (worse)
Best in the world 0.514 (Yemen)
No real change since 2015
Energy Intensity of GDP (PPP)top 30%2.079Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP)2024
top 30% of 192 countries measured
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP)
Luxembourg 2.079 · world median 2.738 (better)
Best in the world 0.666 (Chad)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2014
Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare50th of 188position · derived171.1Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)2023
top 26% of 191 countries measured · 191 share 188 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)
Luxembourg 171.1 · world median 87.36
Highest 2,926 (Malaysia)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2013
Forest Area91st of 210position · derived34.45Forest area (% of land area)2023
top 42% of 213 countries measured · 213 share 210 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Forest area (% of land area)
Luxembourg 34.45 · world median 31.08
Highest 94.45 (Suriname)
No real change since 2013
Land Under Cereal Production146th of 179position · derived26,730Land under cereal production (hectares)2023
bottom 19% of 180 countries measured · 180 share 179 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Land under cereal production (hectares)
Luxembourg 26,730 · world median 689,278
Highest 103,715,108 (India)
▲ +2 percentile points since 2013
Livestock Density35th of 188position · derived1.36Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land2023
top 18% of 188 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land
Luxembourg 1.36 · world median 0.535
Highest 43.97 (Singapore)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2013
Low-Carbon Share of Electricity Generation24th of 190position · derived90.73Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated)2024
top 12% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated)
Luxembourg 90.73 · world median 35.66 (better)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▲ +40 percentile points since 2014
ND-GAIN Country Index15th of 190rank65.96ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt)2024
top 7% of 190 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt)
Luxembourg 65.96 · world median 47.44 (better)
Best in the world 71.85 (Norway)
No real change since 2014
Organic Agricultural Area30th of 150position · derived7.18Organic share of agricultural land (%)2024
top 19% of 156 countries measured · 156 share 150 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Organic share of agricultural land (%)
Luxembourg 7.18 · world median 0.725 (better)
Best in the world 86.38 (Samoa)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources per Capita110th of 181position · derived1,531Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)2022
bottom 39% of 181 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)
Luxembourg 1,531 · world median 2,528 (worse)
Best in the world 445,023 (Iceland)
No real change since 2012
Renewable Share of Electricity Generation20th of 190position · derived90.73Renewables (% of electricity generated)2024
top 10% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Renewables (% of electricity generated)
Luxembourg 90.73 · world median 31.14 (better)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▲ +38 percentile points since 2014
Water Stress128th of 177position · derived · 1 = worst3.96Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)2023
top 28% of 177 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)
Luxembourg 3.96 · world median 10 (better)
Best in the world 0.03 (Republic of the Congo)
No real change since 2013
Wind and Solar Share of Electricity Generationtop 1%54.3Wind and solar (% of electricity generated)2024
top 1% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Wind and solar (% of electricity generated)
Luxembourg 54.3 · world median 5.769 (better)
Best in the world 69.12 (Denmark)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2014
World Risk Index190th of 193position · derived · 1 = worst0.57WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)2025
top 2% of 193 countries measured
Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV), Ruhr University Bochum · WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)
Luxembourg 0.57 · world median 4.17 (better)
Best in the world 0.18 (Monaco)
No real change since 2015
Gender & Equality2
Sex Ratio at Birthtop 43%105.3Male births per 100 female births2023
top 43% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Male births per 100 female births
Luxembourg 105.3 · world median 105.1
Highest 116.3 (Liechtenstein)
No real change since 2013
Women's Political Empowerment Index30th of 176position · derived0.896Women's political empowerment index (0–1)2025
top 17% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Women's political empowerment index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.896 · world median 0.772 (better)
Best in the world 0.954 (Denmark)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Democracy & Civil Liberties8
Deliberative Democracy Index4th of 176position · derived0.824Deliberative democracy index (0–1)2025
top 2% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Deliberative democracy index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.824 · world median 0.339 (better)
Best in the world 0.867 (Denmark)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Egalitarian Democracy Index5th of 176position · derived0.81Egalitarian democracy index (0–1)2025
top 3% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Egalitarian democracy index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.81 · world median 0.321 (better)
Best in the world 0.876 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
Freedom of Expression and Alternative Sources of Information Index7th of 176position · derived0.957Freedom of expression index (0–1)2025
top 3% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom of expression index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.957 · world median 0.693 (better)
Best in the world 0.98 (Denmark)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Government Censorship of the Media5th of 176position · derived3.043Original latent estimate (≈ −3 to +3.5); higher = less censorship2025
top 2% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −3 to +3.5); higher = less censorship
Luxembourg 3.043 · world median 0.565 (better)
Best in the world 3.489 (Belgium)
No real change since 2015
Government Internet Shutdowns41st of 176position · derived1.755Original latent estimate (≈ −4 to +2); higher = fewer shutdowns2025
top 23% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −4 to +2); higher = fewer shutdowns
Luxembourg 1.755 · world median 1.023 (better)
Best in the world 2.081 (Spain)
No real change since 2015
Military Dimension Indextop 21%0Military dimension index (0–1; higher = larger military role)2025
top 21% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Military dimension index (0–1; higher = larger military role)
Luxembourg 0 · world median 0.1 (better)
Best in the world 0 (76 countries tied)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2015
Participatory Democracy Index25th of 176position · derived0.556Participatory democracy index (0–1)2025
top 14% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Participatory democracy index (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.556 · world median 0.298 (better)
Best in the world 0.785 (Switzerland)
No real change since 2015
Physical Violence Index24th of 176position · derived0.961Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)2025
top 13% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)
Luxembourg 0.961 · world median 0.79 (better)
Best in the world 0.989 (2 countries tied)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Peace & Security6
Deaths in Organized Violence59th of 59position · derived · 1 = worst0Deaths in organized violence (people)2025
top 35% of 196 countries measured · 196 share 59 positions
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · Deaths in organized violence (people)
Luxembourg 0 · world median 0
Best in the world 0 (138 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Global Militarisation Index88th of 149rank · 1 = worst90.3GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)2023
top 41% of 149 countries measured
Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC) · GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)
Luxembourg 90.3 · world median 100.66 (better)
Best in the world 3.512 (Haiti)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2013
INFORM Risk Index189th of 191position · derived · 1 = worst1INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)2025
top 1% of 191 countries measured
European Commission Joint Research Centre, with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee · INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)
Luxembourg 1 · world median 3.7 (better)
Best in the world 0.7 (Singapore)
No real change since 2016
Political Stability and Absence of Violence29th of 211position · derived1.193Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
top 13% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Luxembourg 1.193 · world median 0.171 (better)
Best in the world 1.563 (Andorra)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2015
Political Violence by Non-State Actors171st of 171position · derived · 1 = worst-3.182Original latent estimate (≈ −3.5 to +4); higher = more violence2025
top 1% of 171 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −3.5 to +4); higher = more violence
Luxembourg -3.182 · world median -0.661 (better)
Best in the world -3.182 (Luxembourg)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Refugees by Country of Originbottom 15%20Refugees under UNHCR's mandate from this country, end of year (people)2025
bottom 15% of 202 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Refugees under UNHCR's mandate from this country, end of year (people)
Luxembourg 20 · world median 1,272
Highest 5,224,131 (Ukraine)
▲ +14 percentile points since 2018
Risk & Resilience2
Asylum-Seekers by Country of Asylumtop 47%3,050Asylum-seekers awaiting a decision, end of year (people)2025
top 47% of 177 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Asylum-seekers awaiting a decision, end of year (people)
Luxembourg 3,050 · world median 1,836
Highest 3,718,945 (United States)
▼ -13 percentile points since 2015
Refugee Population by Country of Asylumbottom 49%10,284Refugees under UNHCR's mandate hosted, end of year (people)2025
bottom 49% of 177 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Refugees under UNHCR's mandate hosted, end of year (people)
Luxembourg 10,284 · world median 12,269
Highest 2,655,191 (Germany)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2015
Mobility & Trade3
Average Time to Clear Exports Through Customs101st of 174position · derived · 1 = worst3.823Average time to clear exports through customs (days)2025
top 43% of 175 countries measured · 175 share 174 positions
World Bank Group · Average time to clear exports through customs (days)
Luxembourg 3.823 · world median 4.456 (better)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Cereal Import Dependency Ratiobottom 46%38.7Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)2022
bottom 46% of 161 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)
Luxembourg 38.7 · world median 42.8
Highest 100 (16 countries tied)
▲ +10 percentile points since 2012
Net Migration Ratetop 11%8.878Net migrants per 1,000 population2023
top 11% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Net migrants per 1,000 population
Luxembourg 8.878 · world median -0.133
Highest 39.62 (South Sudan)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2013
Poverty & Inequality3
Median Daily Income or Consumption per Person1st of 60position · derived89.49Median income or consumption per person, 2021 PPP dollars a day2023
top 1% of 60 countries measured
World Bank Group · Median income or consumption per person, 2021 PPP dollars a day
Luxembourg 89.49 · world median 22.76 (better)
Best in the world 89.49 (Luxembourg)
No real change since 2013
Poverty Headcount at National Poverty Linesbottom 33%17.3Population below the national poverty line (%)2025
bottom 33% of 160 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population below the national poverty line (%)
Luxembourg 17.3 · world median 21.8
Highest 82.3 (South Sudan)
No earlier reading to compare
Societal Poverty Rate39th of 60position · derived · 1 = worst14.99Population below the societal poverty line, 2021 PPP (%)2023
top 36% of 60 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population below the societal poverty line, 2021 PPP (%)
Luxembourg 14.99 · world median 17.2 (better)
Best in the world 7 (Slovenia)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2013
Energy3
Net Electricity Imports (share of generation)top 2%347.68Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation)2024
top 2% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation)
Luxembourg 347.68 · world median 0
Highest 707.07 (Palestine)
No real change since 2014
Nuclear Share of Electricity Generationbottom 41%0Nuclear (% of electricity generated)2024
bottom 41% of 183 countries measured
Ember · Nuclear (% of electricity generated)
Luxembourg 0 · world median 0
Highest 67.4 (France)
No real change since 2014
Primary Energy Consumption per Capitatop 7%225.9Energy use per person (million Btu)2024
top 7% of 192 countries measured
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · Energy use per person (million Btu)
Luxembourg 225.9 · world median 49.5
Highest 766.07 (Qatar)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
People & Population10
Crude Birth Ratebottom 30%10.44Births per 1,000 population2023
bottom 30% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Births per 1,000 population
Luxembourg 10.44 · world median 13.79
Highest 46.36 (Central African Republic)
▲ +11 percentile points since 2013
Crude Death Ratebottom 43%6.98Deaths per 1,000 population2023
bottom 43% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Deaths per 1,000 population
Luxembourg 6.98 · world median 7.303
Highest 25.58 (Vatican City)
No real change since 2013
Median Age of the Populationtop 25%38.89Median age (years)2023
top 25% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Median age (years)
Luxembourg 38.89 · world median 31.52
Highest 59.63 (Vatican City)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2013
Population Aged 65 and Overtop 30%15.11Share of the total population aged 65 and over (%)2023
top 30% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Share of the total population aged 65 and over (%)
Luxembourg 15.11 · world median 8.32
Highest 44.7 (Vatican City)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2013
Population Densitytop 23%256.79People per square kilometre of land2023
top 23% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · People per square kilometre of land
Luxembourg 256.79 · world median 96.92
Highest 26,145 (Monaco)
No real change since 2013
Population Growth Ratetop 42%1.235Population growth (% per year)2023
top 42% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Population growth (% per year)
Luxembourg 1.235 · world median 0.888
Highest 5.862 (South Sudan)
▼ -17 percentile points since 2013
Population Under Age 15bottom 19%15.82Share of the total population aged 0–14 (%)2023
bottom 19% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Share of the total population aged 0–14 (%)
Luxembourg 15.82 · world median 22.71
Highest 49.17 (Central African Republic)
No real change since 2013
Sex Ratio of the Total Populationtop 25%101.29Males per 100 females2023
top 25% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Males per 100 females
Luxembourg 101.29 · world median 98.48
Highest 251.08 (Qatar)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2013
Total Dependency Ratiobottom 18%44.77People aged 0–14 and 65+ per 100 people aged 15–642023
bottom 18% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · People aged 0–14 and 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64
Luxembourg 44.77 · world median 54.73
Highest 105.18 (Central African Republic)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2013
Total Fertility Ratebottom 17%1.396Live births per woman2023
bottom 17% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Live births per woman
Luxembourg 1.396 · world median 1.962
Highest 6.132 (Somalia)
No real change since 2013
Not currently covered
The newest edition of these reports does not include Luxembourg. Usually the publisher does not cover it; sometimes it has dropped out of a ranking it used to appear in.
- Account Ownership at a Financial Institution · last seen 2017
- Adult Literacy Rate
- Births Attended by Skilled Health Staff · last seen 2009
- Business Ready: Operational Efficiency
- Business Ready: Public Services
- Business Ready: Regulatory Framework
- Child Marriage
- Children with Functional Difficulties
- Container Port Traffic
- Cost of Sending Remittances
- Country Policy and Institutional Assessment
- Debt Service on External Debt
- Economic Complexity Index
- Exclusive Breastfeeding Under Six Months
- External Debt Stocks (% of GNI)
- Female Genital Mutilation Prevalence
- Gender Social Norms Index
- Global Multidimensional Poverty Index
- Global Report on Food Crises
- GNI per Capita (PPP) · last seen 2024
- Government Spending on Education · last seen 2022
- INFORM Severity Index
- Internal Displacements by Disaster · last seen 2021
- Liner Shipping Connectivity Index
- Mobile Phone Ownership
- Net Official Development Assistance Received
- PISA Mathematics Performance
- PISA Reading Performance
- PISA Science Performance
- RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Score
- RISE Renewable Energy Policy Score
- Short-Term Share of External Debt
- Smartphone Ownership
- Social Institutions and Gender Index
- Stunting Prevalence in Children Under Five
- Tariff Rate, Applied, Weighted Mean, All Products
- Violent Discipline of Children
- Water Withdrawal by Sector · last seen 2020
- Working Poverty Rate
- Youth Literacy Rate
07Keep reading
Explore further
08Method
Sources and how to read them
How to read this page
- The scores and ranks belong to their publishers. Nothing is adjusted, rescaled or re-ranked; each is reproduced from the edition named beside it. Where a row says position · derived, the publisher ranks nobody on that measure and the position is ours, made by ordering the published score.
- Each statistic shows its newest edition, which is not always the edition the Country Index uses: the index pins every source to one data year so its average compares like with like.
How a standing is built from percentiles, why Luxembourg can move because other countries moved, and why publishers measure between 120 and 215 countries each are set out in full in how a standing is made and what a standing cannot tell you.
Sources
- Statistics: 30 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
- Capital, languages, currency, codes: Wikidata, public domain (CC0).
- Map and land borders: Natural Earth, public domain. Borders are de facto — where administration actually changes — not claimed.
Photographs
The photograph of Luxembourg on this page comes from Wikimedia Commons and is shown in greyscale. The photographer and the licence are named beside each one.
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Luxembourg: country statistics, rankings and trends. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/luxembourg