Photo: Goran Anđelić Derivative work by Globe-trotter · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina places highest on Working Poverty Rate (top 5% worldwide) and lowest on Livestock Production Index (bottom 5%).
Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Nations Inquiry Country Index
At a glance
Population
3,185,073
people
since 1950
Land area
51,200
km²
since 1992
GDP per person
21,178
international $, PPP
since 1990
Life expectancy
77.85
years at birth
since 1950
Human development
0.804
HDI, 0–1
since 2000
Unemployment
11.04
% of the labour force
since 1991
The newest published figure for each, the year it describes and who published it, with a line showing how it has moved.
01The country
About Bosnia and Herzegovina
Key facts about Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Capital
- Sarajevo
- Official languages
- Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Currency
- convertible mark (BAM)
- ISO code
- BIH · BA
- Domain · dialling
- .ba · +387
As Wikidata records them. Official languages are the least consistent — some countries list only a national language, others every regional one. Sources and licences.
02Country Index 2026
Where it stands, topic by topic
Strongest first. Each position is Bosnia and Herzegovina’s place among the countries with a standing on that topic, built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things.
26thof 159
From 2 of 2 key statistics
44thof 175
From 4 of 4 key statistics
54thof 200
From 3 of 4 key statistics
53rdof 192
From 3 of 3 key statistics
60thof 196
From 3 of 3 key statistics
61stof 176
From 4 of 4 key statistics
84thof 181
From 2 of 3 key statistics
joint86thof 177
From 4 of 4 key statistics
101stof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
joint96thof 183
From 4 of 4 key statistics
109thof 193
From 3 of 3 key statistics
103rdof 171
From 2 of 4 key statistics
joint118thof 194
From 4 of 4 key statistics
joint90thof 147
From 2 of 3 key statistics
125thof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
joint119thof 182
From 4 of 4 key statistics
Each standing is built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things. Select a subject for Bosnia and Herzegovina’s readings on it, or see every statistic held for Bosnia and Herzegovina in the table further down this page.
03Highs and lows
Where Bosnia and Herzegovina stands out
The two ends of its own record: every statistic on which Bosnia and Herzegovina sits within ten places of the best or worst in the world, plus its strongest and weakest readings overall. Each is turned into a percentile — its place among every country measured — which is what lets a hunger score and a press-freedom rank be compared at all.
Where Bosnia and Herzegovina does best7
In the top third of all countries measured. 2 are within ten places of the best in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 1stDeaths in Organized Violencetop 35%
Position · derived 59th of 59 · 1 = worst · 0 · 2025
world median 0
- 1st
Position · derived 104th of 104 · 1 = worst · 2.5 · 2023
world median 5.2 (better) · ▼ 3 pts since 2013
- Working Poverty Ratetop 5%
Not ranked by the publisher · 0.088 · 2025
world median 4.885 (better) · ▲ 5 pts since 2015
Position · derived 159th of 174 · 1 = worst · 1.593 · 2025
world median 4.456 (better)
- Child Marriagetop 13%
Position · derived 127th of 143 · 1 = worst · 3.5 · 2025
world median 17.1 (better)
Position · derived 23rd of 176 · 1.864 · 2025
world median 1.023 (better) · ▲ 5 pts since 2015
- Primary Completion Ratetop 14%
Position · derived 23rd of 165 · 99.78 · 2025
world median 97.43 (better)
Where Bosnia and Herzegovina struggles most5
In the bottom third of all countries measured. 1 is within ten places of the worst in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 10thLivestock Production Indexbottom 5%
Position · derived 185th of 194 · 83.81 · 2022
world median 107.06 (worse) · ▼ 88 pts since 2012
Position · derived 126th of 136 · 18.19 · 2024
world median 40.74 (worse)
- Youth Unemployment Ratebottom 12%
Position · derived 23rd of 182 · 1 = worst · 28.2 · 2025
world median 12.83 (worse) · ▲ 12 pts since 2015
- Labour Force Participation Ratebottom 12%
Position · derived 160th of 182 · 48.99 · 2025
world median 61.66 (worse) · ▼ 2 pts since 2015
- Employment-to-Population Ratiobottom 13%
Position · derived 159th of 182 · 43.58 · 2025
world median 57.72 (worse) · ▲ 8 pts since 2015
A band is a place among the countries each publisher scores, so Bosnia and Herzegovina can move because other countries moved. See the Country Index for the full method.
04Over time
Which way it is moving
The published rank in widely quoted reports, edition by edition — each end with the size of that year’s field — and the statistics, not already named above, on which it has gained or lost the most ground.
Human Development Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
85th
of 171 · 2000
74th
of 193 · 2023
Ranked in 24 of 34 editions
Corruption Perceptions Index
Transparency International
71st
of 173 · 2012
109th
of 181 · 2025
Ranked in 14 of 14 editions
Gender Inequality Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
38th
of 162 · 2016
43rd
of 172 · 2023
Ranked in 8 of 34 editions
Global Innovation Index
World Intellectual Property Organization
70th
of 132 · 2022
92nd
of 139 · 2025
Ranked in 4 of 4 editions
Economic Complexity Index
Growth Lab at Harvard University
67th
of 140 · 1995
45th
of 145 · 2024
Ranked in 30 of 30 editions
Government AI Readiness Index
Oxford Insights
100th
of 172 · 2020
114th
of 195 · 2025
Ranked in 6 of 6 editions
Gaining ground
Where Bosnia and Herzegovina has climbed against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Crop Production Index+71 pts since 2012
- Internal Displacements by Disaster+60 pts since 2014
- Debt Service on External Debt+43 pts since 2014
Losing ground
Where Bosnia and Herzegovina has slipped against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Short-Term Share of External Debt-55 pts since 2014
- GDP Growth-41 pts since 2015
05In context
Bosnia and Herzegovina and its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place in the world ranking of 178, not within the region.
Shares a land border with
Placed either side in the Country Index 2026
Across Southern Europe
Every country in the sub-region, by its position in the world (of 178 placed).
- 12
Slovenia - 22
Portugal - 27
Malta - =28
Spain - 31
Italy - 32
Croatia - 41
Greece - =48
Albania - =48
Serbia - =51
North Macedonia - 55
Montenegro - =63Bosnia and Herzegovina
- —
Andorranot placed - —
Gibraltarnot placed - —
Kosovonot placed - —
San Marinonot placed - —
Vatican Citynot placed
06The evidence
Every statistic we hold for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Grouped by topic. Each row gives the newest edition’s rank or position, the published value and the year the numbers describe — select a row for the world median, the best in the world and the trend.
Governance & Institutions32
Agriculture Orientation Index40th of 132position · derived0.47Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)2024
top 30% of 132 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.47 · world median 0.305 (better)
Best in the world 5.38 (Singapore)
▲ +24 percentile points since 2014
Business Ready: Operational Efficiency17th of 50position · derived70.05Operational efficiency score (0–100)2024
top 33% of 50 countries measured
World Bank Group · Operational efficiency score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 70.05 · world median 65.82 (better)
Best in the world 87.33 (Singapore)
No earlier reading to compare
Business Ready: Public Services40th of 50position · derived37.81Public services score (0–100)2024
bottom 20% of 50 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public services score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 37.81 · world median 50.13 (worse)
Best in the world 73.31 (Estonia)
No earlier reading to compare
Business Ready: Regulatory Framework24th of 50position · derived67.44Regulatory framework score (0–100)2024
top 47% of 50 countries measured
World Bank Group · Regulatory framework score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 67.44 · world median 66.8 (better)
Best in the world 78.34 (Hungary)
No earlier reading to compare
Central Bank Independence Indextop 1%0.974CBI index (0–1, where 1 is the most statutory independence)2023
top 1% of 191 countries measured
Ana Carolina Garriga, University of Essex · CBI index (0–1, where 1 is the most statutory independence)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.974 · world median 0.608
Highest 0.974 (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
No real change since 2013
Civic Space Ratings87th of 198position · derived56.88Civic space score (0–100)2025
top 44% of 198 countries measured
CIVICUS · Civic space score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 56.88 · world median 50.46 (better)
Best in the world 100 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
Climate Readiness (ND-GAIN)103rd of 192rank0.38ND-GAIN Readiness (0–1, where 1 is the most ready)2024
bottom 47% of 192 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Readiness (0–1, where 1 is the most ready)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.38 · world median 0.387 (worse)
Best in the world 0.749 (Singapore)
No real change since 2014
Completeness of Birth Registrationtop 40%99.5Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)2025
top 40% of 185 countries measured
UNICEF · Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 99.5 · world median 98.4 (better)
Best in the world 100 (53 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Control of Corruption134th of 211position · derived-0.48Control of Corruption (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 37% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Control of Corruption (−2.5 to 2.5)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.48 · world median -0.197 (worse)
Best in the world 2.259 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
Corruption Perceptions Index109th of 181rank34CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)2025
bottom 39% of 182 countries measured · 182 share 181 positions
Transparency International · CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 34 · world median 39 (worse)
Best in the world 89 (Denmark)
▼ -15 percentile points since 2015
Debt Service on External Debt64th of 109position · derived · 1 = worst10.84Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)2024
top 42% of 109 countries measured
World Bank Group · Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 10.84 · world median 12.93 (better)
Best in the world 0.285 (Iran)
▲ +43 percentile points since 2014
External Debt Stocks (% of GNI)42nd of 110position · derived · 1 = worst49.16External debt stocks (% of GNI)2024
bottom 38% of 110 countries measured
World Bank Group · External debt stocks (% of GNI)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 49.16 · world median 43.94 (worse)
Best in the world 2.213 (Iran)
▲ +19 percentile points since 2014
General Government Consumption34th of 132position · derived20.31General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
top 25% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 20.31 · world median 16.21
Highest 38.94 (Ukraine)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Government AI Readiness Index114th of 195rank35.67AI readiness score (0–100)2025
bottom 42% of 195 countries measured
Oxford Insights · AI readiness score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 35.67 · world median 40.19 (worse)
Best in the world 88.36 (United States)
No real change since 2020
Government Effectiveness145th of 209position · derived-0.476Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)2025
bottom 31% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.476 · world median 0.101 (worse)
Best in the world 2.092 (Singapore)
No real change since 2015
Government Spending on Education76th of 123position · derived3.246Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)2023
bottom 39% of 123 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.246 · world median 3.709 (worse)
Best in the world 16.39 (Kiribati)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2014
GovTech Maturity Index130th of 196position · derived0.433GTMI score (0–1)2025
bottom 34% of 196 countries measured
World Bank Group · GTMI score (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.433 · world median 0.63 (worse)
Best in the world 0.997 (South Korea)
▲ +15 percentile points since 2022
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index98th of 175position · derived0.612Judicial constraints on the executive index (0–1)2025
bottom 45% of 176 countries measured · 176 share 175 positions
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Judicial constraints on the executive index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.612 · world median 0.676 (worse)
Best in the world 0.988 (Australia)
No real change since 2015
Liberal Democracy Index91st of 176position · derived0.339Liberal democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 49% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Liberal democracy index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.339 · world median 0.353 (worse)
Best in the world 0.884 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
Open Data Inventory115th of 168rank49ODIN overall score (0–100)2024
bottom 31% of 168 countries measured
Open Data Watch · ODIN overall score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 49 · world median 59 (worse)
Best in the world 90 (2 countries tied)
▲ +15 percentile points since 2015
Political Corruption Index51st of 176position · derived · 1 = worst0.726Political corruption index (0–1; higher = more corrupt)2025
bottom 29% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Political corruption index (0–1; higher = more corrupt)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.726 · world median 0.518 (worse)
Best in the world 0.004 (Denmark)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2015
Public Sector Employment25th of 135position · derived27.38Public sector employment (% of total employment)2022
top 18% of 135 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector employment (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 27.38 · world median 15.01
Highest 47.1 (Maldives)
No earlier reading to compare
Public Sector Wage Bill46th of 168position · derived10.62Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)2022
top 27% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 10.62 · world median 7.975
Highest 42.65 (Nauru)
▼ -15 percentile points since 2012
Regulatory Quality129th of 209position · derived-0.404Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 38% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.404 · world median -0.093 (worse)
Best in the world 2.113 (Singapore)
▼ -7 percentile points since 2015
Rule of Law124th of 211position · derived-0.34Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 41% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.34 · world median -0.102 (worse)
Best in the world 2.012 (Finland)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2015
Statistical Performance Indicators97th of 188position · derived68.56SPI overall score (0–100)2024
bottom 49% of 188 countries measured
World Bank Group · SPI overall score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 68.56 · world median 69.3 (worse)
Best in the world 94.14 (Norway)
No real change since 2016
Trade Union Density24th of 139position · derived30Employees who are trade union members (%)2020
top 17% of 139 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employees who are trade union members (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 30 · world median 16.68 (better)
Best in the world 91.42 (Iceland)
No earlier reading to compare
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index88th of 176position · derived0.498Electoral democracy index (0–1)2025
top 50% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Electoral democracy index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.498 · world median 0.497 (better)
Best in the world 0.913 (Denmark)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2015
Voice and Accountability119th of 206position · derived-0.256Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 42% of 206 countries measured
World Bank Group · Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.256 · world median -0.022 (worse)
Best in the world 1.825 (Norway)
No real change since 2015
Women, Business and the Law69th of 190position · derived85WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)2024
top 38% of 190 countries measured
World Bank Group · WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 85 · world median 81.25 (better)
Best in the world 100 (14 countries tied)
▼ -7 percentile points since 2014
Economy & Innovation29
Account Ownership at a Financial Institution63rd of 139position · derived77.46Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+)2024
top 45% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 77.46 · world median 72.83 (better)
Best in the world 99.85 (Iceland)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP)95th of 158position · derived4.356Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 40% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.356 · world median 6.572
Highest 47.59 (Niger)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2015
Crop Production Index28th of 195position · derived128.06Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 14% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 128.06 · world median 106.23 (better)
Best in the world 189.93 (Senegal)
▲ +71 percentile points since 2012
Digitally-Deliverable Services Exports112th of 170position · derived14.94Digitally-deliverable services exports (% of services exports)2024
bottom 34% of 170 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · Digitally-deliverable services exports (% of services exports)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 14.94 · world median 25.42 (worse)
Best in the world 87.15 (Ireland)
▲ +10 percentile points since 2014
Economic Complexity Index45th of 145rank0.662ECI score (standardised, roughly −3 to +3)2024
top 31% of 145 countries measured
Growth Lab at Harvard University · ECI score (standardised, roughly −3 to +3)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.662 · world median 0.131 (better)
Best in the world 1.729 (Japan)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2014
Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)59th of 138position · derived41Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
top 42% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 41 · world median 36.34
Highest 199.76 (Hong Kong)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Firms with a Bank Loan or Line of Credit68th of 179position · derived42.95Firms with a bank loan or line of credit (%)2025
top 38% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a bank loan or line of credit (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 42.95 · world median 35.95 (better)
Best in the world 88.52 (Israel)
No earlier reading to compare
Food Production Index67th of 195position · derived113.39Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 34% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 113.39 · world median 106.08 (better)
Best in the world 177.49 (Senegal)
▲ +28 percentile points since 2012
Foreign Direct Investment Inflowstop 50%1.972FDI inflows (% of GDP)2025
top 50% of 202 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · FDI inflows (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.972 · world median 1.968
Highest 2,221 (British Virgin Islands)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2015
GDP Growth131st of 186position · derived2.129GDP growth (annual %)2025
bottom 30% of 186 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP growth (annual %)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.129 · world median 3.396 (worse)
Best in the world 19.34 (Guyana)
▼ -41 percentile points since 2015
GDP per Capita (PPP)80th of 185position · derived21,178GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)2025
top 43% of 185 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21,178 · world median 17,265 (better)
Best in the world 139,593 (Singapore)
▲ +10 percentile points since 2015
Global Innovation Index92nd of 139rank23.43GII score (0–100)2025
bottom 34% of 139 countries measured
World Intellectual Property Organization · GII score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 23.43 · world median 28.52 (worse)
Best in the world 65.96 (Switzerland)
▼ -13 percentile points since 2022
GNI per Capita (PPP)35th of 102position · derived21,136GNI per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)2025
top 34% of 102 countries measured
World Bank Group · GNI per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21,136 · world median 14,273 (better)
Best in the world 116,633 (Singapore)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2015
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)29th of 131position · derived28.74Gross capital formation (% of GDP)2025
top 22% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 28.74 · world median 22.93
Highest 45.27 (Algeria)
▲ +39 percentile points since 2015
Gross Savings (% of GDP)78th of 146position · derived21.41Gross savings (% of GDP)2024
bottom 47% of 146 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross savings (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21.41 · world median 22.06
Highest 47.82 (Macau)
▲ +43 percentile points since 2014
Household Consumption42nd of 131position · derived69.35Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
top 32% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 69.35 · world median 62.04
Highest 133.34 (Somalia)
▼ -19 percentile points since 2015
ICT Goods Exports81st of 119position · derived0.33ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)2024
bottom 33% of 120 countries measured · 120 share 119 positions
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.33 · world median 0.975 (worse)
Best in the world 61.45 (Hong Kong)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2014
ICT Services Exports33rd of 118position · derived12.55ICT services exports (% of services exports)2024
top 27% of 118 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT services exports (% of services exports)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 12.55 · world median 7.474 (better)
Best in the world 56.25 (Ireland)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2014
Imports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)47th of 138position · derived54.12Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
top 34% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 54.12 · world median 41.72
Highest 196.89 (Hong Kong)
No real change since 2015
Industry Value Added including Construction (% of GDP)105th of 158position · derived21.54Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 34% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21.54 · world median 24.65
Highest 75.09 (Guyana)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2015
Livestock Production Index185th of 194position · derived83.81Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
bottom 5% of 194 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 83.81 · world median 107.06 (worse)
Best in the world 190.08 (Malawi)
▼ -88 percentile points since 2012
Logistics Performance Index61st of 139rank3LPI score (1–5)2023
top 45% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · LPI score (1–5)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 · world median 2.9 (better)
Best in the world 4.3 (Singapore)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2014
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)63rd of 132position · derived12.03Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)2025
top 47% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 12.03 · world median 11.26
Highest 43.97 (Puerto Rico)
No real change since 2015
Research and Development Spending66th of 84position · derived0.189Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)2023
bottom 22% of 84 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.189 · world median 0.814 (worse)
Best in the world 6.346 (Israel)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2013
Researchers per Million Inhabitants72nd of 145position · derived705.16Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent)2024
top 49% of 145 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 705.16 · world median 701.95 (better)
Best in the world 18,130 (Liechtenstein)
No earlier reading to compare
Tariff Rate, Applied, Weighted Mean, All Productstop 46%4.04Applied tariff rate, trade-weighted mean (%)2022
top 46% of 143 countries measured
World Bank Group · Applied tariff rate, trade-weighted mean (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.04 · world median 3.66
Highest 29.52 (Bermuda)
▲ +21 percentile points since 2012
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)118th of 180position · derived0.813Natural resources rents (% of GDP)2021
bottom 40% of 197 countries measured · 197 share 180 positions
World Bank Group · Natural resources rents (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.813 · world median 1.708
Highest 61.03 (Libya)
▼ -16 percentile points since 2011
Trade (% of GDP)51st of 138position · derived95.12Exports plus imports (% of GDP)2025
top 36% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports plus imports (% of GDP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 95.12 · world median 79.68
Highest 396.65 (Hong Kong)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
World Energy Trilemma Index52nd of 99rank62.9Trilemma score (0–100)2023
bottom 46% of 126 countries measured · 126 share 99 positions
World Energy Council · Trilemma score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 62.9 · world median 63.8 (worse)
Best in the world 83.2 (Denmark)
No earlier reading to compare
Work & Labour19
Average Weekly Hours Worked76th of 182position · derived40.73Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person2025
top 41% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person
Bosnia and Herzegovina 40.73 · world median 38.89
Highest 54.7 (Bhutan)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Agriculture84th of 182position · derived16.71Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)2025
top 46% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 16.71 · world median 14.38
Highest 85.34 (Burundi)
No real change since 2015
Employment in Industry18th of 182position · derived30.6Employment in industry (% of total employment)2025
top 9% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in industry (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 30.6 · world median 18.88
Highest 39.44 (Oman)
No real change since 2015
Employment in Services112th of 182position · derived52.69Employment in services (% of total employment)2025
bottom 39% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in services (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 52.69 · world median 59.51
Highest 92.17 (Djibouti)
No real change since 2015
Employment-to-Population Ratio159th of 182position · derived43.58Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)2025
bottom 13% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 43.58 · world median 57.72 (worse)
Best in the world 86.9 (Qatar)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2015
Female Labour Force Participation Rate151st of 182position · derived39.24Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
bottom 17% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 39.24 · world median 53.36 (worse)
Best in the world 82.91 (Madagascar)
No real change since 2015
Female Share of Senior and Middle Management62nd of 86position · derived30.23Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)2024
bottom 28% of 86 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 30.23 · world median 35.86 (worse)
Best in the world 56.69 (Nauru)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Firms with a Female Top Manager118th of 179position · derived15.27Firms with a female top manager (%)2025
bottom 34% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a female top manager (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 15.27 · world median 19.16 (worse)
Best in the world 62.9 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
GDP per Person Employed71st of 168position · derived55,755GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)2025
top 42% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 55,755 · world median 47,384 (better)
Best in the world 262,554 (Luxembourg)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Informal Employment Rate70th of 97position · derived · 1 = worst7.83Informal employment (% of total employment)2025
top 28% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Informal employment (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 7.83 · world median 36.83 (better)
Best in the world 0.857 (Hungary)
No earlier reading to compare
Labour Force Participation Rate160th of 182position · derived48.99Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
bottom 12% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 48.99 · world median 61.66 (worse)
Best in the world 87.01 (Qatar)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2015
Labour Productivity per Hour Worked81st of 182position · derived26.33Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)2025
top 44% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 26.33 · world median 22.16 (better)
Best in the world 164.65 (Ireland)
No real change since 2015
Self-Employment Rate120th of 182position · derived22.06Self-employed (% of total employment)2025
bottom 34% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Self-employed (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 22.06 · world median 31.84
Highest 91.56 (Chad)
No real change since 2015
Unemployment Rate31st of 182position · derived · 1 = worst11.04Unemployment (% of labour force)2025
bottom 17% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment (% of labour force)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 11.04 · world median 5.084 (worse)
Best in the world 0.13 (Qatar)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2015
Vulnerable Employment119th of 182position · derived · 1 = worst18.11Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)2025
top 35% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 18.11 · world median 28.67 (better)
Best in the world 0.456 (Qatar)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Working Poverty Ratetop 5%0.088Employed people living in extreme poverty (%)2025
top 5% of 113 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employed people living in extreme poverty (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.088 · world median 4.885 (better)
Best in the world 0.007 (Bhutan)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Youth Not in Education, Employment or Training49th of 97position · derived · 1 = worst14.31Youth not in education, employment or training (%)2024
top 50% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Youth not in education, employment or training (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 14.31 · world median 14.31
Best in the world 3.975 (Iceland)
▲ +29 percentile points since 2014
Youth Unemployment Rate23rd of 182position · derived · 1 = worst28.2Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)2025
bottom 12% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 28.2 · world median 12.83 (worse)
Best in the world 0.457 (Niger)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2015
Education & Knowledge12
Academic Freedom Index67th of 176position · derived0.75Academic freedom index (0–1)2025
top 38% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Academic freedom index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.75 · world median 0.619 (better)
Best in the world 0.978 (Czechia)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2015
Adult Literacy Rate59th of 172position · derived96.99Adults 15+ who can read and write (%)2024
top 34% of 172 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 15+ who can read and write (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 96.99 · world median 93.99 (better)
Best in the world 100 (3 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Expected Years of Schooling105th of 195position · derived13.16Expected years of schooling2023
bottom 46% of 195 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Expected years of schooling
Bosnia and Herzegovina 13.16 · world median 13.34 (worse)
Best in the world 21.69 (Monaco)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2013
Female Share of Researcherstop 10%52.49Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity)2024
top 10% of 153 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 52.49 · world median 38.17
Highest 76.54 (Myanmar)
No earlier reading to compare
Harmonized Test Scores84th of 172position · derived416.13Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment)2020
top 49% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 416.13 · world median 414.32 (better)
Best in the world 575.27 (Singapore)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2010
Learning-Adjusted Years of School90th of 172position · derived7.802Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14)2020
bottom 48% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 7.802 · world median 7.941 (worse)
Best in the world 12.81 (Singapore)
▼ -11 percentile points since 2017
Mean Years of Schooling70th of 193position · derived10.97Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)2023
top 36% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 10.97 · world median 9.933 (better)
Best in the world 14.3 (Germany)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2013
Outbound Mobility Ratio, Tertiarytop 16%19.97Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home)2023
top 16% of 117 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 19.97 · world median 5.279
Highest 1,724 (Cook Islands)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2013
Primary Completion Rate23rd of 165position · derived99.78Primary completion rate (%)2025
top 14% of 165 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Primary completion rate (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 99.78 · world median 97.43 (better)
Best in the world 100 (5 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Upper Secondary Attainment42nd of 95position · derived72.05Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)2023
top 44% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 72.05 · world median 65.76 (better)
Best in the world 97.89 (Belarus)
No real change since 2013
Upper Secondary Completion Rate79th of 164position · derived66.46Upper secondary completion rate (%)2025
top 48% of 164 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Upper secondary completion rate (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 66.46 · world median 64.87 (better)
Best in the world 99.27 (South Korea)
No real change since 2015
Youth Literacy Ratetop 24%99.6615–24 year-olds who can read and write (%)2024
top 24% of 174 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · 15–24 year-olds who can read and write (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 99.66 · world median 98.22 (better)
Best in the world 100 (6 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Health & Wellbeing16
Births Attended by Skilled Health Staff12th of 86position · derived99.9Births attended by skilled health staff (%)2019
top 18% of 86 countries measured
UNICEF · Births attended by skilled health staff (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 99.9 · world median 98.8 (better)
Best in the world 100 (11 countries tied)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2009
Dietary Energy Supply24th of 155position · derived3,501Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)2024
top 15% of 155 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,501 · world median 2,982 (better)
Best in the world 3,962 (United States)
▲ +10 percentile points since 2014
Exclusive Breastfeeding Under Six Months126th of 136position · derived18.19Infants under 6 months exclusively breastfed (%)2024
bottom 7% of 136 countries measured
UNICEF · Infants under 6 months exclusively breastfed (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 18.19 · world median 40.74 (worse)
Best in the world 83.3 (Burundi)
No earlier reading to compare
Gender Inequality Index43rd of 172rank0.157GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)2023
top 25% of 172 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.157 · world median 0.351 (better)
Best in the world 0.003 (Denmark)
No real change since 2016
Global Violent Deaths166th of 206position · derived · 1 = worst1.13Violent deaths per 100,000 people2021
top 21% of 209 countries measured · 209 share 206 positions
Small Arms Survey · Violent deaths per 100,000 people
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.13 · world median 4.02 (better)
Best in the world 0 (4 countries tied)
No real change since 2011
Human Capital Index81st of 172position · derived0.58HCI score (0–1)2020
top 47% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · HCI score (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.58 · world median 0.564 (better)
Best in the world 0.879 (Singapore)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2017
Human Development Index74th of 193rank0.804HDI score (0–1)2023
top 38% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · HDI score (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.804 · world median 0.762 (better)
Best in the world 0.972 (Iceland)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2013
Infant Mortality Rate147th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst5.48Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births)2024
top 27% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age one (per 1,000 live births)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 5.48 · world median 12.26 (better)
Best in the world 1.214 (San Marino)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2014
Life Expectancy at Age 6589th of 222position · derived17.38Further years a 65-year-old would live at current death rates2023
top 40% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Further years a 65-year-old would live at current death rates
Bosnia and Herzegovina 17.38 · world median 16.39 (better)
Best in the world 23.21 (Monaco)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Life Expectancy at Birth70th of 222position · derived77.85Years a newborn would live at current death rates2023
top 31% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Years a newborn would live at current death rates
Bosnia and Herzegovina 77.85 · world median 74.63 (better)
Best in the world 86.37 (Monaco)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Maternal Mortality Ratio163rd of 195position · derived · 1 = worst6.17Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births2023
top 16% of 195 countries measured
UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG) · Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.17 · world median 46.65 (better)
Best in the world 0.11 (Cook Islands)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Pesticide Use per Hectare47th of 178position · derived5.6Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)2024
top 26% of 181 countries measured · 181 share 178 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 5.6 · world median 1.73
Highest 37.72 (Antigua and Barbuda)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2014
Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity99th of 127position · derived · 1 = worst1.9Population in severe food insecurity (%)2023
top 25% of 133 countries measured · 133 share 127 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population in severe food insecurity (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.9 · world median 4.7 (better)
Best in the world 0 (7 countries tied)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Prevalence of Undernourishment104th of 104position · derived · 1 = worst2.5Population undernourished (%)2023
top 19% of 165 countries measured · 165 share 104 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population undernourished (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.5 · world median 5.2 (better)
Best in the world 2.5 (62 countries tied)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Stunting Prevalence in Children Under Five104th of 162position · derived · 1 = worst8.887Children under 5 who are stunted (%)2024
top 36% of 162 countries measured
UNICEF, WHO and World Bank Group (Joint Malnutrition Estimates) · Children under 5 who are stunted (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 8.887 · world median 13.8 (better)
Best in the world 0.518 (Latvia)
No earlier reading to compare
Under-Five Mortality Rate144th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst6.905Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)2024
top 28% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.905 · world median 14.54 (better)
Best in the world 1.26 (San Marino)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2014
Development & Human Capital8
Access to Electricitytop 28%100Population with electricity access (%)2024
top 28% of 215 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population with electricity access (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 100 · world median 100
Best in the world 100 (122 countries tied)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2014
Cereal Yield37th of 179position · derived5,530Cereal yield (kg per hectare)2023
top 20% of 179 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 5,530 · world median 3,072 (better)
Best in the world 29,147 (Oman)
▲ +10 percentile points since 2013
Child Marriage127th of 143position · derived · 1 = worst3.5Women 20–24 married before 18 (%)2025
top 13% of 145 countries measured · 145 share 143 positions
UNICEF · Women 20–24 married before 18 (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.5 · world median 17.1 (better)
Best in the world 0 (3 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Coefficient of Human Inequality105th of 169position · derived · 1 = worst13.77Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)2023
top 38% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 13.77 · world median 17.05 (better)
Best in the world 4.865 (Slovenia)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
Gender Development Index93rd of 184position · derived0.967Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)2023
bottom 49% of 184 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.967 · world median 0.971 (worse)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
▲ +15 percentile points since 2013
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index63rd of 169position · derived0.689IHDI (0–1)2023
top 37% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · IHDI (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.689 · world median 0.609 (better)
Best in the world 0.923 (Iceland)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2013
Net Official Development Assistance Received87th of 130position · derived1.121Net ODA received (% of GNI)2023
bottom 33% of 130 countries measured
OECD Development Assistance Committee · Net ODA received (% of GNI)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.121 · world median 2.579
Highest 101.78 (Tuvalu)
▼ -19 percentile points since 2013
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI65th of 156position · derived0.701PHDI (0–1)2023
top 41% of 156 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · PHDI (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.701 · world median 0.678 (better)
Best in the world 0.827 (United Kingdom)
No real change since 2013
Environment & Sustainability20
Agricultural Emissions136th of 193position · derived2,135Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)2023
bottom 31% of 198 countries measured · 198 share 193 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,135 · world median 8,635
Highest 1,044,508 (India)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Agricultural Land144th of 209position · derived21.74Agricultural land (% of land area)2023
bottom 31% of 209 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agricultural land (% of land area)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21.74 · world median 37.96
Highest 86.48 (Côte d’Ivoire)
▼ -26 percentile points since 2013
Arable Land per Person99th of 206position · derived0.116Arable land (hectares per person)2023
top 48% of 206 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Arable land (hectares per person)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.116 · world median 0.109
Highest 1.459 (Kazakhstan)
▼ -30 percentile points since 2013
Carbon Intensity of Electricity48th of 193position · derived · 1 = worst607.38Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)2024
bottom 24% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 607.38 · world median 468.81 (worse)
Best in the world 23.49 (Ethiopia)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN)46th of 190rank0.38ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable)2024
top 25% of 190 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.38 · world median 0.45 (better)
Best in the world 0.263 (Norway)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2014
CO₂ Emissions per Capita50th of 210position · derived · 1 = worst6.139Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)2024
bottom 23% of 210 countries measured
Global Carbon Project · Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.139 · world median 3.21 (worse)
Best in the world 0.054 (DR Congo)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2014
Energy Intensity of GDP (PPP)bottom 14%5.262Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP)2024
bottom 14% of 192 countries measured
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 5.262 · world median 2.738 (worse)
Best in the world 0.666 (Chad)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2014
Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare78th of 188position · derived108.4Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)2023
top 41% of 191 countries measured · 191 share 188 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 108.4 · world median 87.36
Highest 2,926 (Malaysia)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
Forest Area68th of 210position · derived42.73Forest area (% of land area)2023
top 32% of 213 countries measured · 213 share 210 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Forest area (% of land area)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 42.73 · world median 31.08
Highest 94.45 (Suriname)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2013
Internal Displacements by Disaster121st of 160position · derived · 1 = worst460New displacements by disaster (people)2024
top 25% of 160 countries measured
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) · New displacements by disaster (people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 460 · world median 4,750 (better)
Best in the world 1 (Serbia)
▲ +60 percentile points since 2014
Land Under Cereal Production121st of 179position · derived192,144Land under cereal production (hectares)2023
bottom 33% of 180 countries measured · 180 share 179 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Land under cereal production (hectares)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 192,144 · world median 689,278
Highest 103,715,108 (India)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Livestock Density109th of 188position · derived0.45Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land2023
bottom 42% of 188 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.45 · world median 0.535
Highest 43.97 (Singapore)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2013
Low-Carbon Share of Electricity Generation90th of 190position · derived39.69Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated)2024
top 46% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 39.69 · world median 35.66 (better)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2014
ND-GAIN Country Index77th of 190rank49.99ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt)2024
top 40% of 190 countries measured
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 49.99 · world median 47.44 (better)
Best in the world 71.85 (Norway)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Organic Agricultural Area107th of 150position · derived0.22Organic share of agricultural land (%)2024
bottom 31% of 156 countries measured · 156 share 150 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Organic share of agricultural land (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.22 · world median 0.725 (worse)
Best in the world 86.38 (Samoa)
▲ +21 percentile points since 2014
Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources per Capita41st of 181position · derived11,077Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)2022
top 22% of 181 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 11,077 · world median 2,528 (better)
Best in the world 445,023 (Iceland)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2012
Renewable Share of Electricity Generation80th of 190position · derived39.69Renewables (% of electricity generated)2024
top 41% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Renewables (% of electricity generated)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 39.69 · world median 31.14 (better)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2014
Water Stress144th of 177position · derived · 1 = worst2.14Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)2023
top 19% of 177 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.14 · world median 10 (better)
Best in the world 0.03 (Republic of the Congo)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
Wind and Solar Share of Electricity Generationbottom 44%4.831Wind and solar (% of electricity generated)2024
bottom 44% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Wind and solar (% of electricity generated)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.831 · world median 5.769 (worse)
Best in the world 69.12 (Denmark)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2014
World Risk Index140th of 193position · derived · 1 = worst2.49WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)2025
top 28% of 193 countries measured
Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV), Ruhr University Bochum · WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.49 · world median 4.17 (better)
Best in the world 0.18 (Monaco)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Gender & Equality3
Sex Ratio at Birthtop 16%106.7Male births per 100 female births2023
top 16% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Male births per 100 female births
Bosnia and Herzegovina 106.7 · world median 105.1
Highest 116.3 (Liechtenstein)
No real change since 2013
Social Institutions and Gender Index63rd of 140position · derived · 1 = worst27.1SIGI score (0 = no discrimination, 100 = absolute)2023
bottom 45% of 140 countries measured
OECD · SIGI score (0 = no discrimination, 100 = absolute)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 27.1 · world median 25.2 (worse)
Best in the world 6.7 (Norway)
No earlier reading to compare
Women's Political Empowerment Index64th of 176position · derived0.821Women's political empowerment index (0–1)2025
top 36% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Women's political empowerment index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.821 · world median 0.772 (better)
Best in the world 0.954 (Denmark)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Democracy & Civil Liberties8
Deliberative Democracy Index90th of 176position · derived0.329Deliberative democracy index (0–1)2025
bottom 49% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Deliberative democracy index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.329 · world median 0.339 (worse)
Best in the world 0.867 (Denmark)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Egalitarian Democracy Index82nd of 176position · derived0.359Egalitarian democracy index (0–1)2025
top 46% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Egalitarian democracy index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.359 · world median 0.321 (better)
Best in the world 0.876 (Denmark)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2015
Freedom of Expression and Alternative Sources of Information Index100th of 176position · derived0.653Freedom of expression index (0–1)2025
bottom 43% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom of expression index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.653 · world median 0.693 (worse)
Best in the world 0.98 (Denmark)
No real change since 2015
Government Censorship of the Media92nd of 176position · derived0.51Original latent estimate (≈ −3 to +3.5); higher = less censorship2025
bottom 48% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −3 to +3.5); higher = less censorship
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.51 · world median 0.565 (worse)
Best in the world 3.489 (Belgium)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Government Internet Shutdowns23rd of 176position · derived1.864Original latent estimate (≈ −4 to +2); higher = fewer shutdowns2025
top 13% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −4 to +2); higher = fewer shutdowns
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.864 · world median 1.023 (better)
Best in the world 2.081 (Spain)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2015
Military Dimension Indextop 21%0Military dimension index (0–1; higher = larger military role)2025
top 21% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Military dimension index (0–1; higher = larger military role)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 · world median 0.1 (better)
Best in the world 0 (76 countries tied)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2015
Participatory Democracy Index88th of 176position · derived0.298Participatory democracy index (0–1)2025
top 50% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Participatory democracy index (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.298 · world median 0.298
Best in the world 0.785 (Switzerland)
No real change since 2015
Physical Violence Index51st of 176position · derived0.911Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)2025
top 29% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.911 · world median 0.79 (better)
Best in the world 0.989 (2 countries tied)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2015
Peace & Security6
Deaths in Organized Violence59th of 59position · derived · 1 = worst0Deaths in organized violence (people)2025
top 35% of 196 countries measured · 196 share 59 positions
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · Deaths in organized violence (people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 · world median 0
Best in the world 0 (138 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Global Militarisation Index89th of 149rank · 1 = worst90.29GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)2023
top 41% of 149 countries measured
Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC) · GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 90.29 · world median 100.66 (better)
Best in the world 3.512 (Haiti)
No real change since 2013
INFORM Risk Index98th of 191position · derived · 1 = worst3.6INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)2025
top 48% of 191 countries measured
European Commission Joint Research Centre, with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee · INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.6 · world median 3.7 (better)
Best in the world 0.7 (Singapore)
No real change since 2016
Political Stability and Absence of Violence145th of 211position · derived-0.34Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2025
bottom 31% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.34 · world median 0.171 (worse)
Best in the world 1.563 (Andorra)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2015
Political Violence by Non-State Actors65th of 171position · derived · 1 = worst-0.269Original latent estimate (≈ −3.5 to +4); higher = more violence2025
bottom 38% of 171 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Original latent estimate (≈ −3.5 to +4); higher = more violence
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.269 · world median -0.661 (worse)
Best in the world -3.182 (Luxembourg)
No real change since 2015
Refugees by Country of Origintop 21%24,653Refugees under UNHCR's mandate from this country, end of year (people)2025
top 21% of 202 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Refugees under UNHCR's mandate from this country, end of year (people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 24,653 · world median 1,272
Highest 5,224,131 (Ukraine)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2015
Risk & Resilience2
Asylum-Seekers by Country of Asylumbottom 27%164Asylum-seekers awaiting a decision, end of year (people)2025
bottom 27% of 177 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Asylum-seekers awaiting a decision, end of year (people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 164 · world median 1,836
Highest 3,718,945 (United States)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2015
Refugee Population by Country of Asylumbottom 27%586Refugees under UNHCR's mandate hosted, end of year (people)2025
bottom 27% of 177 countries measured
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · Refugees under UNHCR's mandate hosted, end of year (people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 586 · world median 12,269
Highest 2,655,191 (Germany)
▼ -28 percentile points since 2015
Mobility & Trade4
Average Time to Clear Exports Through Customs159th of 174position · derived · 1 = worst1.593Average time to clear exports through customs (days)2025
top 9% of 175 countries measured · 175 share 174 positions
World Bank Group · Average time to clear exports through customs (days)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.593 · world median 4.456 (better)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Cereal Import Dependency Ratiobottom 44%36.6Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)2022
bottom 44% of 161 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 36.6 · world median 42.8
Highest 100 (16 countries tied)
▼ -16 percentile points since 2012
Cost of Sending Remittances34th of 93position · derived · 1 = worst3.863Average cost of sending $200 home (% of the amount)2023
bottom 36% of 93 countries measured
World Bank Group · Average cost of sending $200 home (% of the amount)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.863 · world median 3.225 (worse)
Best in the world -49.69 (Malawi)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2016
Net Migration Ratebottom 49%-0.152Net migrants per 1,000 population2023
bottom 49% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Net migrants per 1,000 population
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.152 · world median -0.133
Highest 39.62 (South Sudan)
▲ +37 percentile points since 2013
Poverty & Inequality1
Poverty Headcount at National Poverty Linesbottom 31%16.9Population below the national poverty line (%)2025
bottom 31% of 160 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population below the national poverty line (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 16.9 · world median 21.8
Highest 82.3 (South Sudan)
No earlier reading to compare
Money & Public Finance1
Short-Term Share of External Debtbottom 15%22.13Short-term debt (% of total external debt)2024
bottom 15% of 118 countries measured
World Bank Group · Short-term debt (% of total external debt)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 22.13 · world median 9.376 (worse)
Best in the world 0 (5 countries tied)
▼ -55 percentile points since 2014
Energy5
Net Electricity Imports (share of generation)bottom 3%-16.1Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation)2024
bottom 3% of 193 countries measured
Ember · Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -16.1 · world median 0
Highest 707.07 (Palestine)
No real change since 2014
Nuclear Share of Electricity Generationbottom 41%0Nuclear (% of electricity generated)2024
bottom 41% of 183 countries measured
Ember · Nuclear (% of electricity generated)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 · world median 0
Highest 67.4 (France)
No real change since 2014
Primary Energy Consumption per Capitatop 28%94.37Energy use per person (million Btu)2024
top 28% of 192 countries measured
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · Energy use per person (million Btu)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 94.37 · world median 49.5
Highest 766.07 (Qatar)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2014
RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Scoretop 42%56.42Energy efficiency policy score (0–100)2023
top 42% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group (ESMAP) · Energy efficiency policy score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 56.42 · world median 48.23 (better)
Best in the world 95.93 (South Korea)
No real change since 2013
RISE Renewable Energy Policy Scoretop 47%35.83Renewable energy policy score (0–100)2023
top 47% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group (ESMAP) · Renewable energy policy score (0–100)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 35.83 · world median 33.26 (better)
Best in the world 89.52 (Denmark)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Digital & Technology2
Mobile Phone Ownership79th of 140position · derived90.33Adults who own a mobile phone (% of population aged 15+)2024
bottom 44% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults who own a mobile phone (% of population aged 15+)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 90.33 · world median 91.68 (worse)
Best in the world 100 (Libya)
No earlier reading to compare
Smartphone Ownership60th of 140position · derived82.11Adults whose main mobile phone is a smartphone (% of population aged 15+)2024
top 42% of 140 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults whose main mobile phone is a smartphone (% of population aged 15+)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 82.11 · world median 78.78 (better)
Best in the world 97.36 (Sweden)
No earlier reading to compare
People & Population10
Crude Birth Ratebottom 8%7.714Births per 1,000 population2023
bottom 8% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Births per 1,000 population
Bosnia and Herzegovina 7.714 · world median 13.79
Highest 46.36 (Central African Republic)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2013
Crude Death Ratetop 5%13.46Deaths per 1,000 population2023
top 5% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Deaths per 1,000 population
Bosnia and Herzegovina 13.46 · world median 7.303
Highest 25.58 (Vatican City)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2013
Median Age of the Populationtop 5%44.92Median age (years)2023
top 5% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Median age (years)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 44.92 · world median 31.52
Highest 59.63 (Vatican City)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2013
Population Aged 65 and Overtop 8%21.64Share of the total population aged 65 and over (%)2023
top 8% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Share of the total population aged 65 and over (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 21.64 · world median 8.32
Highest 44.7 (Vatican City)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2013
Population Densitybottom 34%62.21People per square kilometre of land2023
bottom 34% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · People per square kilometre of land
Bosnia and Herzegovina 62.21 · world median 96.92
Highest 26,145 (Monaco)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2013
Population Growth Ratebottom 8%-0.59Population growth (% per year)2023
bottom 8% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Population growth (% per year)
Bosnia and Herzegovina -0.59 · world median 0.888
Highest 5.862 (South Sudan)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2013
Population Under Age 15bottom 6%13.22Share of the total population aged 0–14 (%)2023
bottom 6% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Share of the total population aged 0–14 (%)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 13.22 · world median 22.71
Highest 49.17 (Central African Republic)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Sex Ratio of the Total Populationbottom 8%90.68Males per 100 females2023
bottom 8% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Males per 100 females
Bosnia and Herzegovina 90.68 · world median 98.48
Highest 251.08 (Qatar)
No real change since 2013
Total Dependency Ratiobottom 44%53.52People aged 0–14 and 65+ per 100 people aged 15–642023
bottom 44% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · People aged 0–14 and 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64
Bosnia and Herzegovina 53.52 · world median 54.73
Highest 105.18 (Central African Republic)
▲ +22 percentile points since 2013
Total Fertility Ratebottom 25%1.486Live births per woman2023
bottom 25% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Live births per woman
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.486 · world median 1.962
Highest 6.132 (Somalia)
▲ +21 percentile points since 2013
Not currently covered
The newest edition of these reports does not include Bosnia and Herzegovina. Usually the publisher does not cover it; sometimes it has dropped out of a ranking it used to appear in.
- Adjusted Net Savings
- Agricultural Irrigated Land
- Children with Functional Difficulties
- Container Port Traffic
- Country Policy and Institutional Assessment · last seen 2013
- Ecological Footprint
- Fatal Occupational Injuries
- Female Genital Mutilation Prevalence
- Gender Social Norms Index
- Gini Index · last seen 2021
- Global Multidimensional Poverty Index · last seen 2024
- Global Report on Food Crises
- Government Funding per Primary Student · last seen 2018
- Inbound Mobility Rate, Tertiary · last seen 2023
- Income Share Held by Lowest 20% · last seen 2021
- Income Share Held by Richest 10% · last seen 2021
- INFORM Severity Index
- Learning Poverty
- Liner Shipping Connectivity Index
- Median Daily Income or Consumption per Person · last seen 2021
- Out-of-School Rate, Primary · last seen 2023
- Palma Ratio · last seen 2021
- PISA Mathematics Performance
- PISA Reading Performance
- PISA Science Performance
- Poverty Gap at $3.00 a Day · last seen 2021
- Poverty Headcount Ratio at $3.00 a Day · last seen 2021
- Poverty Headcount Ratio at $8.30 a Day · last seen 2021
- Pre-Primary Net Enrolment Rate · last seen 2012
- Prosperity Gap · last seen 2021
- School Life Expectancy · last seen 2023
- Secondary School Enrolment · last seen 2023
- Societal Poverty Rate · last seen 2021
- Tertiary Enrolment Ratio · last seen 2023
- Violent Discipline of Children
- Water Withdrawal by Sector
07Keep reading
Explore further
08Method
Sources and how to read them
How to read this page
- The scores and ranks belong to their publishers. Nothing is adjusted, rescaled or re-ranked; each is reproduced from the edition named beside it. Where a row says position · derived, the publisher ranks nobody on that measure and the position is ours, made by ordering the published score.
- Each statistic shows its newest edition, which is not always the edition the Country Index uses: the index pins every source to one data year so its average compares like with like.
How a standing is built from percentiles, why Bosnia and Herzegovina can move because other countries moved, and why publishers measure between 120 and 215 countries each are set out in full in how a standing is made and what a standing cannot tell you.
Sources
- Statistics: 34 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
- Capital, languages, currency, codes: Wikidata, public domain (CC0).
- Map and land borders: Natural Earth, public domain. Borders are de facto — where administration actually changes — not claimed.
Photographs
The photograph of Bosnia and Herzegovina on this page comes from Wikimedia Commons and is shown in greyscale. The photographer and the licence are named beside each one.
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Bosnia and Herzegovina: country statistics, rankings and trends. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina