Dataset · FAO
Cropland Nitrogen Balance
63 years, 1961–2023 · 187 countries · 5 measures
This is how much more nitrogen goes onto a country's cropland each year — as fertiliser, manure, fixation by crops and deposition from the air — than leaves it in the harvest, per hectare. The surplus is the nitrogen that ends up in rivers, groundwater and the air; a deficit means the soil itself is being drawn down.
This site holds every year from 1961 to 2023, read from FAO’s own data and stored exactly as published.
Cropland Nitrogen Balance · the file
- Newest
- Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2023
- Held
- 63 years · 10,764 rows
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0
0163 years
Every year
Every year comes from FAO’s 2025 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.
| Year | Countries | Change | Read | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2023Newest | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2022 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2021 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2020 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2019 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2018 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2017 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2016 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2015 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2014 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2013 | 187 | ±0 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
| Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2012 | 187 | +2 | September 29, 2026 | CSV |
Show all 63 years
Every year in one file, one row per country per year: cropland-nitrogen-balance-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
027 columns
What’s in the file
Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.
| Column | What it holds | Stored as | Range, 2023 | Distinct | Empty | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifier | The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it. | Text · 3 letters | — | 187 | 0 | |
CountrycountryName | The country’s name, as this file spells it. | Text | — | 187 | 0 | |
Cropland nitrogen balance (kg per hectare)nitrogen_balanceHeadline | The headline figure: Nitrogen surplus (+) or deficit (−) on cropland, kg per hectare. | Number · up to 4 decimals | -555.524 | 187 | 0 | |
Nitrogen inputs (kg per hectare)nitrogen_inputsMeasure | All nitrogen added to cropland, per hectare: mineral fertiliser, manure applied, fixation by crops and deposition from the air. | Number · up to 4 decimals | 9.796 | 187 | 0 | |
Nitrogen removed in harvests (kg per hectare)nitrogen_outputsMeasure | The nitrogen removed from cropland in the harvest, per hectare; the balance is the inputs minus this. | Number · up to 4 decimals | 1.415 | 187 | 0 | |
Nitrogen use efficiency (%)nitrogen_use_efficiencyMeasure | The harvest's nitrogen as a share of the nitrogen put on, in %; above about 90% the soil is usually being drawn down. | Number · up to 4 decimals | 1.5999 | 187 | 0 | |
Nitrogen balance, whole country (tonnes)nitrogen_balance_totalMeasure | The same balance for all of the country's cropland, in tonnes, which shows how much nitrogen lies behind a per-hectare figure. | Number · up to 4 decimals | -60,193 | 187 | 0 |
Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. Neither end is better. The values describe a shape, not a score.
03187 countries across every year
Who is covered
How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 |
| Americas | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 |
| Asia | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 |
| Europe | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 |
| Oceania | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| All | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 | 187 |
The newest 12 of 63 years.
Who joined and who left
- 2012
+ Sudan
+ South Sudan
- 2006
+ Montenegro
+ Serbia
- 2000
+ Belgium
+ Luxembourg
- 1993
+ Czechia
+ Eritrea
+ Ethiopia
+ Slovakia
- 1992
+ Armenia
+ Azerbaijan
+ Bosnia and Herzegovina
+ Belarus
+ Estonia
+ Georgia
+ Croatia
+ Kazakhstan
+ Kyrgyzstan
+ Lithuania
+ Latvia
+ Moldova
+ North Macedonia
+ Russia
+ Slovenia
+ Tajikistan
+ Turkmenistan
+ Ukraine
+ Uzbekistan
- 1991
+ Micronesia
Not in this dataset · 38 places this site covers
FAO gives no figure for these in any year held here. It is the publisher’s choice of scope, and each place’s profile shows what is measured.
04Provenance
Where it comes from
The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.
1 · Publisher
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2 · Their file
Cropland Nitrogen Balance 2023
3 · Read by this site
September 29, 2026
Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.4 · Stored as
63 files, one per year
Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as cropland-nitrogen-balance-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv5 · Used on
Its statistic page, and every profile it measures
Precision
The headline is stored to 4 decimals, as published.
Rounded by this site
Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.
Changed by this site
Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.
FAOSTAT's Cropland Nutrient Balance domain, read from FAO's own bulk download. The inputs, the removals, the nitrogen use efficiency and the national total are stored beside the balance.
05Reuse
Licence and credit
What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.
Licence · checked September 29, 2026
- Share and redistribute it
- Adapt it and build on it
- Use it commercially
- Credit the publisher
- Say what you changed
Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.
A credit line
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Cropland Nitrogen Balance, via Nations Inquiry.
Cite this dataset
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1961–2023 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/cropland-nitrogen-balance
The publisher’s own citation: FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Cropland Nutrient Balance. Accessed on 29 September 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/ESB Licence: CC-BY-4.0.
Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.
06Where it is used
Around the site
Where these numbers appear on this site, and the datasets nearest to it.
Charted
Cropland Nitrogen Balance by countryWho is highest, the map, the spread, who rose and fell, and the records.
Subjects
Near neighbours
- CO₂ Emissions per CapitaGlobal Carbon Project · 75 held · 1950–2024
- Ecological FootprintGlobal Footprint Network · 65 held · 1961–2025
- Water StressFAO · 24 held · 2000–2023
07Questions
Cropland Nitrogen Balance: questions and answers
What is the Cropland Nitrogen Balance?
This is how much more nitrogen goes onto a country's cropland each year — as fertiliser, manure, fixation by crops and deposition from the air — than leaves it in the harvest, per hectare. The surplus is the nitrogen that ends up in rivers, groundwater and the air; a deficit means the soil itself is being drawn down.
Which years of the Cropland Nitrogen Balance can I download?
All 63, from 1961 to 2023, each as a CSV file, or every year together in one CSV.
Does FAO rank countries on it?
No, and this site does not order it either. The files hold values only.
Can I use it commercially?
Yes, under CC BY 4.0, with credit to FAO. The licence text is linked on this page.