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Dataset · FAO

Cropland Nitrogen Balance

63 years, 1961–2023 · 187 countries · 5 measures

This is how much more nitrogen goes onto a country's cropland each year — as fertiliser, manure, fixation by crops and deposition from the air — than leaves it in the harvest, per hectare. The surplus is the nitrogen that ends up in rivers, groundwater and the air; a deficit means the soil itself is being drawn down.

This site holds every year from 1961 to 2023, read from FAO’s own data and stored exactly as published.

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Cropland Nitrogen Balance · the file

Newest
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2023
Held
63 years · 10,764 rows
Licence
CC BY 4.0

0163 years

Every year

Every year comes from FAO’s 2025 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.

1961bar height: countries covered, up to 1872023
Every year of Cropland Nitrogen Balance held on this site, newest first, with its download files.
YearCountriesChangeReadDownload
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2023Newest187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2022187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2021187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2020187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2019187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2018187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2017187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2016187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2015187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2014187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2013187±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2012187+2September 29, 2026CSV
Show all 63 years
YearCountriesChangeReadDownload
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2011185±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2010185±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2009185±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2008185±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2007185±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2006185+2September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2005183±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2004183±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2003183±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2002183±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2001183±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 2000183+2September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1999181±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1998181±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1997181±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1996181±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1995181±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1994181±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1993181+4September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1992177+19September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1991158+1September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1990157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1989157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1988157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1987157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1986157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1985157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1984157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1983157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1982157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1981157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1980157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1979157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1978157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1977157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1976157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1975157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1974157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1973157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1972157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1971157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1970157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1969157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1968157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1967157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1966157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1965157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1964157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1963157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1962157±0September 29, 2026CSV
Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1961157—September 29, 2026CSV

Every year in one file, one row per country per year: cropland-nitrogen-balance-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv

027 columns

What’s in the file

Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.

Every column in the newest file of Cropland Nitrogen Balance: what it holds, how it is stored, and its range.
ColumnWhat it holdsStored asRange, 2023DistinctEmptySpread
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifierThe ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it.Text · 3 letters—1870
CountrycountryNameThe country’s name, as this file spells it.Text—1870
Cropland nitrogen balance (kg per hectare)nitrogen_balanceHeadlineThe headline figure: Nitrogen surplus (+) or deficit (−) on cropland, kg per hectare.Number · up to 4 decimals-555.524Micronesia1,198.829Singaporemiddle 37.6341870
Nitrogen inputs (kg per hectare)nitrogen_inputsMeasureAll nitrogen added to cropland, per hectare: mineral fertiliser, manure applied, fixation by crops and deposition from the air.Number · up to 4 decimals9.796Vanuatu1,361.290Singaporemiddle 85.8581870
Nitrogen removed in harvests (kg per hectare)nitrogen_outputsMeasureThe nitrogen removed from cropland in the harvest, per hectare; the balance is the inputs minus this.Number · up to 4 decimals1.415Iceland762.680Micronesiamiddle 41.5601870
Nitrogen use efficiency (%)nitrogen_use_efficiencyMeasureThe harvest's nitrogen as a share of the nitrogen put on, in %; above about 90% the soil is usually being drawn down.Number · up to 4 decimals1.5999Iceland732.4760Kiribatimiddle 51.37041870
Nitrogen balance, whole country (tonnes)nitrogen_balance_totalMeasureThe same balance for all of the country's cropland, in tonnes, which shows how much nitrogen lies behind a per-hectare figure.Number · up to 4 decimals-60,193Ghana19,399,358Chinamiddle 41,8391870

Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. Neither end is better. The values describe a shape, not a score.

03187 countries across every year

Who is covered

How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.

All regions
Countries in each year of Cropland Nitrogen Balance, by continent.
201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Africa535353535353535353535353
Americas353535353535353535353535
Asia484848484848484848484848
Europe393939393939393939393939
Oceania121212121212121212121212
All187187187187187187187187187187187187

The newest 12 of 63 years.

Who joined and who left

  • 2012
    + Sudan+ South Sudan
  • 2006
    + Montenegro+ Serbia
  • 2000
    + Belgium+ Luxembourg
  • 1993
    + Czechia+ Eritrea+ Ethiopia+ Slovakia
  • 1992
    + Armenia+ Azerbaijan+ Bosnia and Herzegovina+ Belarus+ Estonia+ Georgia+ Croatia+ Kazakhstan+ Kyrgyzstan+ Lithuania+ Latvia+ Moldova+ North Macedonia+ Russia+ Slovenia+ Tajikistan+ Turkmenistan+ Ukraine+ Uzbekistan
  • 1991
    + Micronesia

04Provenance

Where it comes from

The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.

The site’s method
  1. 1 · Publisher

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

  2. 2 · Their file

    Cropland Nitrogen Balance 2023

  3. 3 · Read by this site

    September 29, 2026

    Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.
  4. 4 · Stored as

    63 files, one per year

    Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as cropland-nitrogen-balance-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
  5. 5 · Used on

    Its statistic page, and every profile it measures

Precision

The headline is stored to 4 decimals, as published.

Rounded by this site

Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.

Changed by this site

Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

FAOSTAT's Cropland Nutrient Balance domain, read from FAO's own bulk download. The inputs, the removals, the nitrogen use efficiency and the national total are stored beside the balance.

05Reuse

Licence and credit

What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.

Every publisher’s terms

Licence · checked September 29, 2026

CC BY 4.0

  • Share and redistribute it
  • Adapt it and build on it
  • Use it commercially
  • Credit the publisher
  • Say what you changed

Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.

A credit line

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Cropland Nitrogen Balance, via Nations Inquiry.

Cite this dataset

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Cropland Nitrogen Balance, 1961–2023 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/cropland-nitrogen-balance

The publisher’s own citation: FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Cropland Nutrient Balance. Accessed on 29 September 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/ESB Licence: CC-BY-4.0.

Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.

06Where it is used

Around the site

Where these numbers appear on this site, and the datasets nearest to it.

07Questions

Cropland Nitrogen Balance: questions and answers

What is the Cropland Nitrogen Balance?

This is how much more nitrogen goes onto a country's cropland each year — as fertiliser, manure, fixation by crops and deposition from the air — than leaves it in the harvest, per hectare. The surplus is the nitrogen that ends up in rivers, groundwater and the air; a deficit means the soil itself is being drawn down.

Which years of the Cropland Nitrogen Balance can I download?

All 63, from 1961 to 2023, each as a CSV file, or every year together in one CSV.

Does FAO rank countries on it?

No, and this site does not order it either. The files hold values only.

Can I use it commercially?

Yes, under CC BY 4.0, with credit to FAO. The licence text is linked on this page.

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